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ASSISTIVE DEVICES
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| #2 stable ambulation aid | Walker |
| #3 stable ambulation aid | Axillary crutches |
| #4 stable ambulation aid | Non-axillary crutches |
| #5 stable ambulation aid | Quad cane |
| #6 stable ambulation aid | Bilateral standard cane |
| MOST stable ambulation aid | Parallel bars |
| LEAST stable ambulation aid | Unilateral standard cane |
| 85% weight transmission | Walker weight bearing capacity |
| 80-90% weight transmission | Axillary crutches weight bearing capacity |
| 40-50% weight transmission | Non-axillary crutches weight bearing capacity |
| 20-25% weight transmission | Quad cane weight bearing capacity |
| 20-25% weight transmission | Bilateral standard cane weight bearing capacity |
| 20-25% weight transmission | Unilateral standard cane weight bearing capacity |
| Initial ambulation aid, most stable | Parallel bars |
| Greater trochanter level, 20-30° elbow flexion, 2 inches away from both greater trochanters | Parallel bars measurement |
| elderly patients, improves balance, widens BOS, provides anterior and lateral stability | Walker function/indications |
| Greater trochanter landmark, 10-12 inches anterior to patient | Walker height and placement measurement |
| Standard/Collapsible walker, Hemi-walker, Stairclimbing walker, Reciprocating walker, Rollating walker | Types of walker |
| Patients who always travel, easy storage | Standard/Collapsible walker indications |
| CVA patients, centrally located grip | Hemi-walker indications |
| Additional 2 post uprights with handgrips | Stairclimbing walker |
| Spina bifida and SCI T12-L1, reciprocating gait pattern | Reciprocating walker indications |
| Frame with wheels, built-in seat, energy efficiency, increase speed and velocity | Rollating walker |
| Accommodates stooped posture | Anterior rollating walker indication |
| Promotes trunk extension | Posterior rollating walker function |
| left foot, right foot half step forward | FWB gait pattern with walker |
| bad leg, good leg half step forward | PWB gait pattern with walker |
| good leg only | NWB gait pattern with walker |
| Used for unilateral lower extremity amputation | Shadow gait |
| Axillary crutches, Non-axillary crutches | Types of crutches |
| 2 inches below axilla, 2-3 finger breaths | Axillary pad measurement standing |
| Greater trochanter and 20-30° elbow flexion | Hand grip measurement crutches |
| 2 inches lateral and 6 inches anterior to 5th toe | Rubber tip placement axillary crutches |
| Tripod stance, 4 inches lateral and 4 inches anterior from 5th toe | Axillary crutches tripod stance |
| Axillary pad over olecranon process, rubber tip at tip of 3rd/middle finger | Axillary crutches sitting measurement |
| Axillary pad over anterior axillary fold, rubber tip 6-8 inches from lateral heel plus 2 inches if without shoes | Axillary crutches supine measurement |
| Right shoulder abduction 90° with elbow flexion, left shoulder abduction 90° with elbow extension | Axillary crutches positioning in measurement positions |
| Proximal third of forearm, 1-1.5 inches distal to olecranon process, opening anterior/medial | Non-axillary forearm cuff placement |
| Greater trochanter and 20-30° elbow flexion | Non-axillary crutches hand grip measurement |
| 2 inches lateral and 6 inches anterior | Non-axillary crutches rubber tip placement |
| 4-point gait, 3-point gait, 2-point gait | Point gait patterns crutches |
| Crutches, swing both feet level with crutches | Swing-to gait |
| Crutches, swing both feet beyond crutches, fastest gait | Swing-through gait |
| Crutches, drag both feet on floor | Drag-to gait |
| Right crutch right foot, left crutch left foot | Simultaneous gait |
| 4-6 inches width | Gait belt measurement |
| Good leg, Bad leg, Crutches | Crutches stair climbing ascending pattern |
| Crutches, Bad leg, Good leg | Crutches stair climbing descending pattern |
| Posterolateral near affected side on level surface and ascending stairs | PT/OT assistance positioning level and ascending |
| Anterolateral near affected side descending stairs | PT/OT assistance positioning descending |
| Arthritic hand, wrist fracture, distal forearm fracture, elbow contracture | Indications for platform attachment |
| Triceps weakness | Canadian / triceps crutch indication |
| Triceps cuff and forearm cuff | Canadian crutch components |
| ECRL, ECU, ECRB | Wrist extensors crutch walking |
| FDS, FDP, FPL, FPB | Finger thumb flexors crutch walking |
| Cane improves balance, widens BOS, provides 20-25% support | Cane function |
| Greater trochanter, 20-30° elbow flexion, 6 inches lateral from 5th toe | Cane measurement |
| Ulnar styloid process | Cane hand grip landmark |
| Standard adjustable aluminum cane J or crooked shape, offset cane, quad cane small base, quad cane large base | Types of cane |
| Always opposite affected leg, ipsilateral only if knee affected | Cane usage rule |
| Cane, bad leg, good leg | Cane gait method 1 |
| Cane/bad leg, good leg | Cane gait method 2 |
| Good leg, cane, bad leg | Cane ascending stairs |
| Cane, bad leg, good leg | Cane descending stairs |
| Turn towards good leg when making small circle | Cane turning rule |
| Chair with wheels used for transport due to inability to walk | Wheelchair |
| Standard wheelchair, Powered wheelchair | Wheelchair types |
| Seat to base of axilla minus 4 inches, or inferior angle scapula minus 2 inches | Wheelchair backrest height measurement |
| High backrest for high SCI patients | Wheelchair high backrest use |
| Low backrest for paraplegic patients | Wheelchair low backrest use |
| Width 16-18 inches | Wheelchair width |
| Backrest to popliteal fossa | Wheelchair seat depth |
| Seat width widest buttocks plus 2 inches | Wheelchair seat width |
| 1 inch from each greater trochanter | Wheelchair seat width guideline |
| Seat height popliteal fossa to heel | Wheelchair seat height |
| Seat to elbow at 90° flexion | Wheelchair armrest height |
| Popliteal fossa to heel fixed or removable swing away | Wheelchair leg rest height |
| (+) LE edema | Wheelchair elevating leg rest indication |
| clearance of 2” from the floor | Wheelchair footrest height |
| LE spasticity | Wheelchair heel loop indication |
| Diameter – 18 -20” | Wheelchair push/handrim diameter |
| diameter 22-24 inches pneumatic or solid rubber | Wheelchair wheel specification |
| Diameter – 5” to 8” | Wheelchair caster diameter |
| CVA low seat 17.5 inches one arm drive | Hemiwheelchair |
| unilateral or bilateral AKA posteriorly displaced wheels 2 inches | Amputee wheelchair |
| low backrest low seat rigid frame camber 3-9 degrees lightweight | Sports wheelchair |
| postural instability pressure relief | Reclining wheelchair indication |
| Tilt-in-space wheelchair extensor spasticity pressure relief | Tilt-in-space wheelchair |
| Motorized wheelchair SCI C1-C4 joystick push button sip and puff short sip forward short puff stop backward | Powered wheelchair controls |
| 12” (rough surface) | Wheelchair caster large size |
| 3” (easy turning | Wheelchair caster small size |
| Lats dorsi, Pecs minor, Lower trapezius | Scapular depressor crutch walking |
| Pecs major, lats dorsi | Shoulder adductors crutch walking |
| Deltoids | Flexor, extensor, abductors @sh crutch walking |
| Triceps, Anconeus | Elbow extensors crutch walking |
Created by:
ly8li
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