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Integrated Sci Final
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| What is the difference between an endothermic and exothermic reaction? | Endothermic absorbs energy; exothermic releases energy |
| Identify the reactants in this equation: 2H₂ + O₂ → 2H₂O | 2H₂ + O₂ |
| Identify the products in this equation: 2H₂ + O₂ → 2H₂O | 2H₂O |
| What does it mean for a chemical equation to be balanced? | Same number of atoms on both sides |
| In the equation N₂ + 3H₂ → 2NH₃, what is the mole ratio of H₂ to NH₃? | 3:2 |
| If you have 4 moles of H₂ in the reaction 2H₂ + O₂ → 2H₂O, how many moles of H₂O can be produced? | 4 moles |
| Gases have no fixed _________ or shape. | volume |
| What type of change results in the formation of completely new substances? | chemical change |
| What is a substance that cannot be separated into other materials by any physical process? | pure substance |
| Water can be chemically broken down into what two elements? | hydrogen and oxygen |
| What type of mixture has all substances distributed evenly? | homogenous mixture |
| A mutual electrical attraction between the nuclei and valence electrons of different atoms that binds the atoms together. | chemical bond |
| The electrons located in an atom's outermost shell that are directly involved in forming chemical bonds. | valence electrons |
| A chemical bond formed by the electrostatic attraction between oppositely charged ions (cations and anions) following the complete transfer of one or more electrons. | ionic bond |
| A chemical bond formed when two atoms share one or more pairs of valence electrons. | covalent bond |
| An ion is an atom that has gained or lost electrons, resulting in a net electrical charge. | ion |
| A neutral group of two or more atoms held together by covalent bonds; this term generally does not apply to ionic compounds. | molecule |
| A measure of an atom's ability to attract shared electrons in a chemical bond. | electronegativity |
| The principle that atoms tend to gain, lose, or share electrons until they are surrounded by eight valence electrons to achieve stability. | octet rule |
| A bond where electrons are shared unequally because one atom is more electronegative than the other. | polar covalent bond |
| A bond where electrons are shared equally between two atoms. | nonpolar covalent bond |
| The smallest unit of an element that maintains the chemical properties of an element. | atom |
| A subatomic particle with a positive charge located in the nucleus of an atom; its quantity determines the element's identity. | proton |
| A subatomic particle with no charge (neutral) located in the nucleus; it contributes to the atom's mass but not its charge. | neutron |
| A tiny subatomic particle with a negative charge that moves in the space (electron cloud) surrounding the nucleus. | electron |
| The small, dense, positively charged center of an atom that contains the protons and neutrons. | nucleus |
| The number of protons in the nucleus of an atom, which is unique to each element on the Periodic Table. | atomic number |
| The total number of protons and neutrons added together in an atom's nucleus. | atomic mass |
| Atoms of the same element that have the same number of protons but a different number of neutrons, resulting in different mass numbers. | isotope |
| The region surrounding the nucleus where electrons are most likely to be found, according to modern atomic theory. | electron cloud |
| When atoms rearrange to create a new substance | product |
| A substance present at the start of a chemical reaction that is consumed, altered, or rearranged to form new substances called products | reactant |
Created by:
MWilliams2021
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