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Describing Syntax
AP Lang. Describing Syntax
| Term | Definition |
|---|---|
| Declarative sentence | A sentence that makes a statement or expresses an opinion |
| Imperative sentence | A sentence that gives a command or makes a request |
| Interrogative | A sentence that asks a question |
| Rhetorical question | A question asked for effect or to make a point, not requiring an answer |
| Exclamatory sentence | A sentence that expresses strong emotion or excitement |
| Simple sentence | A sentence that consists of one independent clause (i.e. grammatically complete thought) |
| Compound sentence | A sentence that consists of two or more independent clauses joined by a coordinating conjunction |
| Complex sentence | A sentence that consists of one independent clause and at least one dependent clause |
| Cumulative (loose) sentence | A sentence that begins with an independent clause and is followed by a series of subordinate clauses |
| Periodic sentence | A sentence that begins with a series of subordinate clauses and ends with an independent clause. This sentences is not grammatically complete until the final word/period. |
| Balanced sentence | A sentence that consists of two or more parts that are parallel in structure and length |
| Parallel structure / parallelism | The repetition of a grammatical structure in a sentence or across multiple sentences |
| Tricolon | A sentence or series of three parallel elements |
| Antithesis | The juxtaposition of contrasting ideas in a balances sentences |
| Juxtaposition | The placement of two or more contrasting ideas, characters, or images side by side for emphasis |
| Horative sentence | A sentence that encourages or urges someone to take action |
| Chiasmus | A figure of speech in which words or phrases are repeated in reverse order (Antimetabole) |
| Anaphora | The repetition of a word or phrase at the beginning os successive clauses or sentences |
| Epiphora | The repetition of a word or phrase at the end of successive clauses or sentences |
| Asyndeton | The omission of conjunctions between words, phrases, or clauses in a sentence |
| Polysyndeton | The use of multiple conjunctions between words, phrases, or clauses in a sentence |
| Telegraphic sentence | A sentence that is shorter than five words, often omitting unnecessary words |
| Antimetabole | A figure of speech in which words or phrases are repeated in reverse order (Chiasmus) |
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