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unit 5 part 2
disorders and treatment
| Term | Definition |
|---|---|
| psychological disorder | a disturbance in people's thoughts, emotions, or behaviors that cause distress or suffering and impairs daily life |
| medical model | concept that diseases(psychological disorders) have physical causes that can be diagnosed, treated, and in most cases cured through treatment in hospital |
| diathesis-stress model | the concept that genetic predispositions combined with environmental factors to influence psychological disorders |
| DSM-5-TR | The American Psychiatric Association's diagnostic and statistical manual of mental disorders, 5th edition, text revision;a widely used system for classifying psychological disorders |
| psychodynamic explanation | unresolved childhood trauma and unconscious thought |
| Humanistic explanation | lack of social support, inability to fulfill potential, maladaptive;thoughts ;beliefs etc |
| Biological explanation | genetic or physiological predispositions |
| evolutionary explination | maladaptive behaviors that enable survival |
| social anxiety | intense fear and avoidance of social situations |
| generalized anxiety disorder | continually tense, apprehensive, and in state of autonomic nervous system arousal |
| panic disorder | unpredictable minutes long episodes of intense dread in which a person may experience terror, chest pain, choking, or other frightening sensations |
| agoraphobia | fear/avoidance of situations such as crowds or wide open places where on may experience loss of control/panic |
| obsessive compulsive disorder | characterized by unwanted repetitive thoughts actions or both |
| major depressive disorder | experiences 5 or more symptoms lasting 2 or more weeks in absence of drug use or medical condition at least on of which must be depressed mood or loss of interest or pleasure |
| persistent depressive disorder | depressed mood more days than not for at least 2 years |
| Bipolar 1 | most severe form in which people experience a euphoric talkative highly energetic and overly ambitious state that lasts a week or longer |
| Bipolar 2 | less severe form in which people move between depression and a milder hypomania |
| Chronic schizophrenia | form in which symptoms usually appear by late adolescence or early adulthood. As people, age psychotic episodes last longer and recovery periods shorter |
| acute schizophrenia | can begin at any age frequently occurs in response to trauma, recovery more likely |
| dissociative identity disorder | person exhibits 2 or more distinct alternating identities |
| Dissociative Amnesia | a disorder in which people with intact brains reportedly experience memory gaps;may report not remembering trauma related events, people, places, or aspects |
| personality disorders | cluster A:odd or eccentric cluster B:dramatic,emotional, erratic cluster C:anxious or fearful |
| antisocial personality disorder | mostly in men, exhibits lack of conscience for wrongdoing even towards those close to them |
| Anorexia nervosa | starvation diet despite severely underweight inaccurate self perception |
| Bulimia nervosa | binge eating followed by purging |
| Binge eating disorder | binging followed by guilt but not purging |
| neurodevelopmental disorders | CNS abnormalities that start during childhood and alter thinking and behavior(intellectual limits/psychological disorders) |
| Autism spectrum disorder | appears in childhood marked by limits in communication and social interaction, and rigidly fixated interests and repetitive disorders |
| Attention deficit/hyperactivity disorder (adhd) | marked by extreme inattention and/or hyperactivity and impulsivity |
| psychotherapy | treatment involving psychological techniques;consists of interactions between trained therapists and patients |
| biomedical therapy | prescribed meds or procedures that act directly on the person's physiology |
| eclectic approach | psychotherapy using techniques from various forms of therapy |
| Behavior therapy | uses learning principles to reduce unwanted behavior |
| counter conditioning | uses classical conditioning to evoke new responses |
| exposure therapy | treats anxiety through exposure and desensitization |
| systematic desensitization | associating relaxed state with gradually increasing trigger |
| Aversive conditioning | associates unpleasant state with unwanted behavior |
| Token economy | operant conditioning procedure in which people earn a token for desired behavior later exchanged for reward |
| cognitive therapy | teaches new adaptive ways of thinking; based on assumption that thoughts intervene between events and emotional reactions |
| rational emotive behavior therapy | confrontational cognitive therapy vigorously challenging illogical self defeating attitudes |
| Evidence based practice | clinical decision making, integrates best available research with clinical expertise and client preferences |
| Theraputic alliance | a bond between therapist and client |
| psychopharmacology | the study of the effects of drugs on mind and behavior |
| antipsychotic drugs | treat severe thought disorders |
| antianxiety drugs | used to control anxiety and agitation |
| antidepressants drugs | treat depressive disorders, anxiety, ocd, and related disorders |
| electroconvulsive therapy | used for severe depression in which brief electrical currents are sent through the brain of a anesthetized person |
| transcranial magnetic stimulation | application of repeated pulses of magnetic energy to brain; used to stimulate or suppress brain activity |
| psychosurgery | removes brain tissue to change behavior |
| lobotomy | procedure once used to calm uncontrollably emotional or violent patients, cut nerves connecting the frontal lobes to emotion controlling centers |
| hypnosis | suggests wellness changes to subject |
| post traumatic growth | positive psychological changes following struggle with challenging circumstances |
Created by:
vincdrea
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