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Groundwater
| Term | Definition |
|---|---|
| Groundwater | all subsurface water that completely fills the pores and other open spaces in rocks, sediments, and soil - exits the subsurface through springs and human us |
| How is groundwater recharged (replaced)? | by infiltration from precipitation, streams, lakes, and other surface waters |
| Porosity | how much is stuff, how much is holes |
| Permeability | how easy it is for fluid to flow through |
| Aquifers | rocks, sediments, or soils that are permeable or capable of transmitting groundwater ex. sand, gravel |
| Aquicludes | impermeable rocks, sediments and soils that are incapable of transmitting groundwater |
| Water Table | located between the zone of aeration and the zone of saturation |
| Zone of Aeration | where water initially infiltrates, most of the pores are filled with air |
| Zone of Saturation | a zone in which the pores are filled with water |
| Springs | found wherever the water table intersects the surface |
| Water Wells | human-made openings dug or drilled into the zone of saturation |
| Cones of Depression | he water table surrounding a well |
| Artesian System | groundwater flows out of the well without pumping |
| Saltwater Incursion | - salt water moving into fresh water aquifers - a problem in coastal areas |
| Fracking (hydraulic fracturing) | the process of drilling down into the Earth before a high-pressure water mixture is directed at the rock to release the oil and natural gas inside |
| Sinkholes | depressions in the ground formed by the dissolution of the underlying soluble rocks or the collapse of a cave roof |
| Karst Topography | largely develops by groundwater erosion in many areas underlain by soluble rocks, especially limestones |
| Caverns | large caves or a system of interconnected cave |
| Hypothermal Features | - fumaroles - hot springs - geysers |
| Fumaroles | steam discharges in volcanically active areas |
| Hot Springs | springs where the water temp is higher than 37°C |
| Travertine | calcite that precipitates from supersaturated hot spring water |
| Geyserite | silica that precipitates from supersaturated hot spring water |
| Geysers | hot springs which periodically eject hot water and steam with tremendous force |
| Geothermal Energy | energy produced from Earth’s internal heat |
Created by:
user1115
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