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psych chap 8 motivat
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| What is motivation? | The biological, emotional, social, or cognitive factors that activate behavior |
| What is the instinct theory, and who created it? | The theory says that humans behave the way they do because of evolution and natural impulses. Ex. Love, fear, digust. William James and William McDougall. |
| What is the Drive theory of motivation? | The theory says behavior is motivated by the need to keep homeostasis, or a balanced internal state. Most involves hunger, thirst, and sexuality. Limited, though. |
| What is the Incentive theory? | Our behavior is influenced by goals, rewards, and punishments. |
| What is the Arousal theory? | People are motivated to keep a perfect level of stimulation. Too high causes stress, and too little causes boredom. |
| What are humanistic theories, and who influenced them? | This theory emphasizes the importance of wanting something in order to be motivated to do it. Maslow and Rogers. |
| What are the different parts of Maslow’s hierarchy of needs? | Physiological needs, safety needs, love needs, self esteem needs, and self actualization/perfection. You fulfill each of these going from left to right in order of importance. |
| What is the need to belong? | The motivation to form and keep positive relationships |
| Self determination theory | ...peak human functioning happens when autonomy, competence, and relatedness are satisfied. Autonomy- need to organize our goals towards our interests. Competence- mastery of skills. Relatedness-attachment to others. made by Edward Deci and Richard |
| What is intrinsic motivation? | Doing things that you enjoy naturally |
| What is extrinsic motivation? | Doing something due to rewards, consequences, expectations, etc. |
| What is James Lange theory? | This says we feel things (psychological) AFTER a bodily (physiological) change. Ex: feeling fear because your heart rate sped up |
| What is the Schachter and Singer’s theory? | The two factor theory says our bodily change and reaction PLUS how we interpret a situation changes causes our emotion. |
| Cognitive appraisal theory: | your emotional response is caused by how you mentally interpret the situation. This can explain why two people react differently to the same event |
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