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CNS 5

GenericBrandCategoryIndicationEK
buspirone (PO) Buspar Antianxiety agent Anxiety Key Side Effects: dizziness, drowsiness, nausea Other Notes: do not use with MAOI
alprazolam (PO) Xanax Benzodiazepine Anxiety SE: sedation, impairment, tolerance, dependence, amnesia, withdrawal, dizziness, ataxia. BBW: profound sedation/resp depression/coma/death w/ opioids;abuse/ misuse/addiction dependence/withdrawal. Notes: lorazepam IV → propylene glycol toxicity if ≥48h.
clonazepam (PO) Klonopin Benzodiazepine Anxiety, seizure disorders SE: sedation, impairment, tolerance, dependence, amnesia, withdrawal, dizziness, ataxia. BBW: profound sedation/resp depression/coma/death w/ opioids;abuse/ misuse/addiction dependence/withdrawal. Notes: lorazepam IV → propylene glycol toxicity if ≥48h.
diazepam (PO, IV) Valium Benzodiazepine Anxiety, seizure disorders, acute alcohol withdrawal SE: sedation, impairment, tolerance, dependence, amnesia, withdrawal, dizziness, ataxia. BBW: profound sedation/resp depression/coma/death w/ opioids;abuse/ misuse/addiction dependence/withdrawal. Notes: lorazepam IV → propylene glycol toxicity if ≥48h.
lorazepam (PO, IV) Ativan Benzodiazepine Anxiety, seizure disorders, acute alcohol withdrawal SE: sedation, impairment, tolerance, dependence, amnesia, withdrawal, dizziness, ataxia. BBW: profound sedation/resp depression/coma/death w/ opioids;abuse/ misuse/addiction dependence/withdrawal. Notes: lorazepam IV → propylene glycol toxicity if ≥48h.
midazolam (IV, IM) Versed Benzodiazepine Anesthesia, sedation SE: hypotension, apnea, bradypnea. BBW: profound sedation/resp depression/coma/death w/ opioids or noncritical sedation; abuse/misuse/addiction; dependence/withdrawal; dose individualize; avoid rapid IV in neonates.
zolpidem (PO) PO: Ambien, Ambien CR SL: Edluar Hypnotic Insomnia SE: next-day impairment, somnolence, HA, dizziness, xerostomia, anterograde amnesia, parasomnias. BBW: complex sleep behaviors → serious injury/death (sleepwalking/driving); CI if hx of these behaviors.
melatonin (PO) Sleep aid Insomnia, jet lag Key Side Effects: drowsiness, daytime somnolence
propofol (IV) Diprivan Sedative, general anesthetic Sedation for mechanical ventilation, procedural anesthesia, status epilepticus Key Side Effects: bradycardia, hypotension, hypertriglyceridemia, propofol-related infusion syndrome (rare) Other Notes: formulated as a 10% lipid emulsion containing 1.1 kcal/mL
dexmedetomidine (IV) Precedex Alpha 2 agonist, sedative Sedation for mechanical ventilation or procedures Key Side Effects: bradycardia, hypotension Other Notes: tolerance and tachyphylaxis may occur if used longer than 24 hours
Created by: PharmacistJulian
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