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MED143 PHARMACOLOGY
MED143 CH 13 KEY TERMS
| Term | Definition |
|---|---|
| MED143 PHARMACOLOGY CH 13 KEY TERMS | |
| acidifier | drug that makes the body’s pH more acidic |
| acidosis | condition in which there is an excessive proportion of acid in the blood |
| alkalizer | drug that makes the body’s pH more basic or alkaline |
| alkalosis | condition in which there is an excessive proportion of alkali in the blood; opposite of acidosis |
| anuria | no measurable production of urine; less than 100 mL in 24 hours |
| azotemia | accumulation of nitrogenous waste in the blood |
| cystitis | inflammation of the bladder caused by bacterial infection |
| cystoscopy | direct visualization of the interior of the bladder through a flexible scope |
| dialysis | technique that moves substances from the blood through a semipermeable membrane and into a dialysis solution; used to correct fluid and electrolyte imbalances and remove waste products in case of kidney failure |
| diuretic | drug that reduces fluid volume in the body by stimulating urine flow |
| dysuria | difficult or painful urination |
| electrolyte | a solution that carries an electrical charge |
| hematuria | blood in the urine |
| homeostasis | state of fluid balance within the body |
| hypercalcemia | high blood calcium level, greater than 11 mg/dL |
| hyperkalemia | high blood potassium level, greater than 5.5 mEq/L |
| hypernatremia | high blood sodium level, greater than 145 mEq/L |
| hypocalcemia | low blood calcium level, less than 9 mg/dL |
| hypokalemia | low blood potassium level, less than 3.5 mEq/L |
| hyponatremia | low blood sodium level, less than 135 mEq/L |
| indwelling catheter | catheter designed to be held in place over a long period of time until the patient can urinate voluntarily; also known as Foley catheter or retention catheter |
| nephritis | kidney inflammation |
| oliguria | decreased urinary output in a given time period (100–400 mL in 24 hours) |
| pH | measure of the acidity or alkalinity of a solution |
| pyelonephritis | kidney infection |
| pyuria | pus in the urine |
| residual urine | urine remaining in the bladder after voiding (volumes of 100 mL or more) |
| urea | a waste product contained in urine |
| ureters | two tubes that carry urine from the kidneys to the bladder |
| ureteritis | inflammation of the urethra |
| urethritis | inflammation of the urethra |
| urinary catheter | a device used to empty the bladder of urine or insert medication into the bladder |
| urge incontinence (overactive bladder) | condition caused by uncontrolled contraction or overactivity of the detrusor muscle |
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