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MED143 PHARMACOLOGY
MED143 CH 12 KEY TERMS
| Term | Definition |
|---|---|
| MED143 PHARMACOLOGY CH 12 KEY TERMS | |
| antacid | drug that neutralizes hydrochloric acid in the stomach |
| anticholinergic | drug that acts on the autonomic nervous system to reduce intestinal motility and slow production of stomach acid |
| antidiarrheal | drug that slows intestinal motility and helps produce formed stools instead of loose, watery stools |
| antiemetic | drug that prevents or relieves nausea and vomiting |
| antiflatulent | drug that relieves gassiness and bloating; also known as carminative |
| anthelmintic | drug that eliminates intestinal parasites |
| antispasmodic | drug that acts on the smooth muscle of the intestines to relieve cramping |
| astringent | drug that shrinks the blood vessels locally, dries up secretions from weepy lesions, and lessens skin sensitivity |
| chyme | food mixed with gastric secretions |
| cirrhosis | chronic, progressive disease of the liver characterized by degeneration and destruction of the liver cells |
| Crohn’s disease | chronic, nonspecific, inflammatory bowel disease generally affecting the terminal ileum, jejunum, and colon |
| demulcent | drug designed to coat and soothe tissues |
| digestant | drug that aids digestion by replacing digestive enzymes that are missing due to diseases such as stomach cancer, pernicious anemia, or pancreatitis |
| dyspepsia | indigestion |
| emetic | drug that causes vomiting |
| endoscope | a flexible, tubelike instrument used to view the inside of the body |
| eructation | belching, burping |
| flatulence | gas in the stomach and intestines |
| gastroscope | a tool used to provide direct visualization of the interior of the stomach |
| gastrostomy tube | tube inserted through a stoma into the stomach, used for tube feeding and administration of medications |
| hepatitis | inflammation of the liver |
| histamine H2-receptor antagonist | drug that inhibits gastric acid secretion |
| hyperacidity | too much acid (e.g., in the stomach, esophagus) |
| laxative | drug that promotes defecation either to relieve constipation or to clear the bowel before surgery; also known as cathartic or purgative |
| nasogastric tube | tube inserted through the nose and down the esophagus into the stomach, used for tube feeding and administration of medications |
| peristalsis | rhythmic contractions of the smooth muscles lining the gastrointestinal tract that move food and waste materials through the system |
| stoma | surgically produced opening in the stomach or the abdomen |
| ulcerative colitis | disease of the colon and rectum characterized by inflammation and ulceration |
| villi | small, fingerlike projections of the intestinal lining that provide a large surface area for absorption of nutrients into the bloodstream |
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