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MED143 PHARMACOLOGY
MED143 CH 11 KEY TERMS
| Term | Definition |
|---|---|
| MED143 PHARMACOLOGY CH 11 KEY TERMS | |
| acute | short-term, usually less than six months |
| antihistamine | drug that counteracts the effects of histamine, relieving allergy symptoms |
| antitussive | drug that decreases coughing |
| apnea | stoppage of breathing; may be temporary or fatal |
| bronchodilator | drug that increases the vital capacity of the lungs by dilating the bronchi and relaxing the smooth muscles |
| chronic | long-term, usually more than six months |
| decongestant | drug that reduces congestion or swelling, especially in nasal passages, by constricting blood vessels and restricting blood flow to the area |
| dyspnea | difficult or labored breathing |
| emphysema | condition in which the air sacs dilate and are unable to contract to their original size; the alveoli lose their elasticity, causing residual air to be trapped in them |
| expectorant | drug that breaks down mucus to enable the patient to cough it up more easily; also known as mucolytic |
| Fowler’s position | position in which the patient’s upper body is raised 45 degrees to 60 degrees by means of pillows or by adjusting the head of the bed |
| hemoptysis | the coughing up of blood |
| hyperpnea | breathing too rapidly or deeply; also known as hyperventilation |
| hypoxia | absence of or decrease in oxygen |
| inhaler | handheld and pocket-size device used to administer a breathing treatment |
| mucolytic | drug that liquifies or breaks down tenacious mucus so that it can be coughed up more easily; also known as expectorant |
| nebulizer | a small machine used to convert a drug solution into a mist that is inhaled into the lungs |
| nicotine dependence | a physical vulnerability of the body to the chemical nicotine; brought on by tobacco products |
| orthopnea | abnormal condition in which the patient must sit or stand to breathe deeply and comfortably |
| peak flow meter | a device that measures the air flowing out of the lung, called the peak expiratory flow rate (PEFR), when a patient with asthma forcefully blows into the device |
| percussion | physical therapy for respiratory patients; tapping of various body organs and structures |
| pneumococcal disease | serious disease leading to infections of the lungs, the blood, and the meninges |
| postural drainage | physical therapy for respiratory patients; use of positioning along with vibration and percussion to drain secretions from specific areas of the lungs, bronchi, and trachea |
| pulse oximeter | a device that monitors oxygen saturation by placing a probe on the finger, toe, ear, forehead, or bridge of the nose |
| rebound effect | reappearance of symptoms in even stronger form after a drug dose has worn off |
| semi-Fowler’s position | position in which the patient’s upper body is elevated to 30 degrees |
| tachypnea | rapid breathing |
| vibration | physical therapy for respiratory patients; a fine, shaking pressure applied to the chest wall during exhalation |
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