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MED143 PHARMACOLOGY
MED143 CH 10 KEY TERMS
| Term | Definition |
|---|---|
| MED143 PHARMACOLOGY CH 10 KEY TERMS | |
| adrenergic | drug that causes increased contractility of the heart and vasoconstriction of the blood vessels |
| angina pectoris | chest pain resulting from lack of oxygen in the heart tissue |
| angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE) | these inhibitors are the vasodilators of choice for congestive heart failure |
| anticoagulant | drug that inhibits or delays blood clotting |
| antihypertensive | drug that lowers high blood pressure |
| antilipemic | drug that lowers the level of lipids in the blood |
| antiplatelet | drug that suppresses platelet aggregation and prevents thrombosis in arteries |
| apical pulse | heart rate measured with the bell or diaphragm of a stethoscope placed on the apex of the heart |
| arteriosclerosis | thickening of the walls of the arterioles with a loss of elasticity and ability to contract |
| atherosclerosis | accumulation of cholesterol and lipids on the walls of the arteries |
| automated external defibrillator (AED) | machine that shocks the heart back into a normal rhythm |
| automatic sphygmomanometer | device that has all the components for taking blood pressure in it instead of having to use both a stethoscope and blood pressure cuff |
| bradycardia | slow heartbeat (fewer than 60 beats per minute) |
| cardiac arrest | sudden cessation of breathing and of sufficient circulation of blood by the heart |
| cardiac catheterization | test using a dye injected into the leg with the use of a wire to determine the extent of heart damage; also known as cardiac angiogram |
| cardiac glycoside | drug that strengthens the force of the myocardial contraction, slows the heart, and improves the tone of the myocardium |
| cardiopulmonary resuscitation (CPR) | chest compressions and breaths to reestablish circulation and breathing |
| diastolic pressure | force of the blood when the heart is at rest between contractions; lowest point at which sounds are heard when taking blood pressure |
| diuretic | drug that reduces fluid volume in the body by stimulating urine flow |
| dyspnea | difficult or labored breathing |
| dysrhythmia | any deviation from the normal rhythm of the heartbeat; also known as arrhythmia |
| edema | swelling; abnormal accumulation of fluid in the interstitial tissues |
| electrocardiogram (ECG) | graphic record showing the spread of electrical excitation to different parts of the heart |
| embolus | small amount of fat or air or a blood clot that circulates in the blood until it lodges in a blood vessel |
| fibrillate | to quiver or contract spontaneously, causing ineffective contractions of the heart |
| hematinic | drug that increases the hemoglobin content in the blood; also known as antianemic |
| hemostatic | drug used to help in the formation of blood clots |
| hypercholesterolemia | high blood cholesterol level |
| hypertension | high blood pressure; two or more systolic readings above 140 mm Hg |
| hypotension | low blood pressure; the systolic reading falls to 90 mm Hg or below |
| leukemia | general term referring to a group of malignant conditions affecting the blood-forming tissues of the bone marrow, lymph system, and spleen |
| myocardial infarction (MI) | “heart attack” or death of a part of the heart muscle due to lack of oxygen |
| orthostatic hypotension | condition of low blood pressure that occurs when a person rises from a sitting or lying position |
| palpitations | rapid and throbbing heartbeats that can be felt by the patient |
| phlebitis | inflammation of a vein |
| point of maximum impulse (PMI) | heartbeat felt at the fifth intercostal space, about 2 inches left of midline |
| pulmonary | referring to the lungs |
| pulse rate | the number of heartbeats that can be felt by touching the radial, carotid, femoral, or pedal arteries |
| sudden cardiac death (SCD) | unexpected death from cardiac causes in which there is a disruption in cardiac function that produces an abrupt loss of cerebral function |
| systolic pressure | force of blood pushing against the artery walls when the ventricles contract; the first taplike sound heard when measuring blood pressure |
| tachycardia | rapid heartbeat (more than 100 beats per minute) |
| thrombolytic | drug that is capable of dissolving blood clots |
| thrombophlebitis | inflammation of a vein blocked by a thrombus |
| thrombosis | condition in which a blood clot, or thrombus, is formed within a blood vessel |
| vasodilator | drug that expands blood vessels; used to treat angina pectoris and hypertension |
| ventricular fibrillation | no organized heart rhythm; results in the heart quivering and imminent death if not treated |
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