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MED143 PHARMACOLOGY
MED143 CH 02 KEY TERMS
| Term | Definition |
|---|---|
| absorption | passage of a substance into the bloodstream from the site of administration |
| allergy | reaction of the body cell to a foreign substance (antigen) to which it has previously developed antibodies |
| anaphylaxis | severe allergic reaction that may be fatal |
| antagonism | the interaction of two drugs to inhibit or cancel each other’s effect |
| antibody | substance produced in the body that helps the body fight off foreign invaders like microorganisms and antigens |
| antigen | substance that stimulates production of antibodies and causes allergic reactions |
| cumulative effect | increased effect of a drug that is not completely metabolized or excreted before another dose is administered |
| dependence | a compulsion to continue taking a drug; can be physical and/or psychological |
| detoxify | eliminate substances that are toxic or poisonous to the body |
| distribution | transport of drugs to body cells and spaces between cells |
| drug abuse | taking drugs for their mood-altering effects or taking too many drugs or too much of a drug |
| excretion | the removal of waste substances from the body |
| histamine | substance released from injured cells during an allergic reaction; responsible for allergic symptoms |
| idiosyncrasy | a peculiar, unusual, individual response to a drug |
| local | having an effect in the immediate area of administration; for example, eye drops designed to affect only the eye |
| metabolism | the rate at which cells produce energy such as heat and muscle strength; also known as biotransformation |
| placebo | an inactive substance that has no pharmacological effect (a placebo can be a pill containing sugar or an injection of normal saline/sterile water) |
| potentiation | two drugs administered at the same time wherein one drug increases the effect of the other |
| synergism | drug interaction in which the effect of two drugs in combination is greater than the effect of each drug given separately |
| systemic | having an effect throughout the body |
| tolerance | need for increased dose of a drug to produce the same physical and/or psychological effect |
| withdrawal symptoms | set of physical reactions that occur when a person stops taking a drug on which he or she is physically dependent |
| MED143 PHARMACOLOGY CH 2 KEY TERMS |
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