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PEBC Study #8
8. Vaccines & Injection Procedures
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| What angle is an intramuscular (IM) injection given at? | 90° |
| What angle is an intravenous (IV) injection given at? | 25° |
| What angle is a subcutaneous (SC) injection given at? | 45° (can be closer to 90° if a lot of fat) |
| What angle is an intradermal (ID) injection given at? | 10° - 15° |
| Most vaccines are given by what injection route? | IM |
| What is the most common site for an IM injection in pharmacy practice? | deltoid muscle |
| What is the most common needle gauge range and needle length for adult IM injections? | 22-25 G & 25mm |
| What is the proper technique for IM injections? (speed & angle specifically) | stretch skin, insert quickly at 90°, inject slowly |
| What is the widely accepted maximum dose that should be administered into the adult deltoid muscle? | 1mL |
| What are the most common 3 sites for a subcutaneous injection? Which one is preferred? | Abdomen (preferred) Outer upper arm Thigh |
| What is the proper technique for SC injections? | Pinch skin, insert at 45° |
| Typically, SC injections are for insulin. What is the most common needle gauge range and needle length for adult SC injections, and what is best for insulin? | 25-32 G & 4-12mm Best for insulin is 4-6mm, finer gauge |
| What is the widely accepted maximum dose that should be administered SC? | Generally recommended to stay under 1mL, but it can range up to 3mL if tolerated with specific treatments |
| Where is the most common site for an intradermal (ID) injection? | Inner forearm |
| The needle's bevel should face which way when injecting ID? | bevel up (should create a wheal under the skin) |
| Which direction should the needle's bevel face for almost all injections? | Up |
| Which injection route does the bevel's direction matter the least? | IM (since its at a 90° angle) |
| What is the most common needle gauge range for adult ID injections? | 26-28 G |
| What is the widely accepted maximum dose that should be administered ID? | 0.1mL (i.e. TB Test) |
| What are the 4 major skin and tissue layers in order of surface to deep? | Epidermis, dermis, subcutaneous tissue, muscle |
| What is aspiration during injections and why is it NOT done for vaccines? | Aspiration = pulling back on the plunger after inserting the needle to check for blood return (to see if you're in a blood vessel) We do not use aspiration for vaccines since there are no major blood vessels at recommended injection sites (i.e. deltoid) |
| The lower the gauge of the needle, the ____________ it gets. | larger |
| How often should a booster of the Tetanus shot be given? | Every 10 years |
| What is the Prevnar vaccine for? | Pneumococcal disease |
| What is the Tdap vaccine for? | Tetanus |
| What is the MMR vaccine for? | Measles, mumps, rubella |
| What is the Varicella vaccine for? | Varicella Zoster (Chickenpox) |
| What is the Gardasil 9 vaccine for? | Human papillomavirus (HPV) |
| What is the Spikevax / Comirnaty vaccine for? | COVID-19 |
| What is the age range for the HPV vaccine? | 9-26 years |
| How often should you get a flu shot? | annually |
| How often should you get a COVID shot? | annually |
| What is the Shingrix vaccine for? | Herpes Zoster (Shingles) |
| What is the Twinrix vaccine for? | Hepatitis A + Hepatitis B |
| What indicates on a Twinrix vaccine that it is the child dose? | "Jr" in the name "Twinrix Jr" |
| How is Dukoral (2 doses) taken prior to departure? | 1st dose 2 weeks prior to trip, 2nd dose 1 week prior to trip |
| What is Dukoral for? | Traveler's diarrhea |
| When should someone think about getting a Shingrix vaccine? | ≥50 yrs |
| At what age is it considered safe for a child to get the flu or covid vaccines? | 6 months old |
| What is the recommended needle gauge for standard IV injections? | 18-22G |
| What is the recommended needle gauge for fragile vein IV injections | 22-24G |
Created by:
ella.brennan
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