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Unit 4
Changes in Organisms
| Term | Definition |
|---|---|
| anther | The part of a flower that contains the pollen. |
| ovary | A female reproductive organ that produces eggs. |
| pistil | The female structure of the flower. (contains the stigma, style, and ovary) |
| pollination | The process of fertilizing flowers by transferring pollen from the male to female parts. |
| petals | The, often brightly colored, part of a flower surrounding the center. |
| mating ritual | A specific, often elaborate, set of behaviors or actions performed by animals to attract, select, and secure a mate for reproduction. |
| seed dispersal | The ecological process by which seeds or seed-bearing fruits are transported away from their parent plant to new locations. |
| genetic factors | Things that result from the specific alleles carried by an individual. |
| adaptation | A process by which a population becomes better suited to its environment. |
| biotic | Anything that is living or related to living oraganisms. |
| abiotic | A nonliving part of an ecosystem. |
| symbiosis | A mutually beneficial relationship between different organisms. |
| environmental factor | Any factor, biotic or abiotic, that influences living organisms. |
| growth | Process of increasing in size and maturity. |
| organism | A self-contained, living thing. |
| behavior | What a plant or animal does. |
| stimulus | An action or condition that provokes a response. |
| chemical input | A chemical that enters the body. |
| electromagnetic input | Signals that enter the body in the form of electromagnetic stimuli. |
| mechanical input | Signals that enter the body through physical touch or vibration. |
| sensory receptor | A nerve ending that sends signals to the central nervous system when it is stimulated. |
| nerve cell | A cell specialized for transmitting fast electromagnetic signals. |
| brain | The organ that serves as the primary control center of the nervous system in all vertebrate and most invertebrate animals. |
| alleles | One pair of genes that determine a specific trait. |
| variation | The occurrence of an organism, trait, or gene in more than one form. |
| chromosome | A structure located in the nucleus of a cell, made of DNA, that contains the genetic information needed to carry out cell functions and make new cells. |
| genes | The basic physical and functional unit of heredity made up of DNA. |
| offspring | Product of reproduction; a new organism produced by one or more parents. |
| genetic information | The biological information found in DNA. |
| inherited traits | A characteristic that is passed from parent to offspring. |
| sexual reproduction | The reproductive process involving 2 parents whose genetic material is combined to produce a new organism different from themselves. |
| asexual reproduction | The reproductive process that involves 1 parent and produces offspring identical to the parent. |
| punnett square | A tool used to analyze the possible allele combinations of the offspring between 2 individuals. |
| genetic variation | The differences in DNA sequences among individuals within a population or species. |
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