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Evolution
| Term | Definition |
|---|---|
| evolution | the process in which inherited characteristics within a population change over generations |
| mutation | an accident that results in a permanent change in the DNA code |
| adaptations | structures, functions, or behaviors that improve a species' ability to survive and reproduce in an environment |
| natural selection | the process by which individuals that are better adapted to their environment survive and reproduce more successfully than less well-adapted individuals do |
| fossil | the timeline of life formed by studying fossils |
| variation | a trait that makes an organism different from other members of the same species |
| extinct/extinction | no members of a species are alive today |
| diversity | differences in the traits or adaptations of the members of a population due to differences in the genetic codes |
| evidence for evolution | fossil records, radiometric dating, genetic information, the distribution of organisms around the world, and physical similarities shared by different species |
| species | a group of organisms that are so closely related genetically that they can mate to produce more of the same kind of organism |
| Charles Darwin | an English naturalist and biologist who proposed the theory of evolution through natural selection. His famous book, On the Origin of Species (1859), explained this process. |
| Homologous Structures | physical features in different species that share a common ancestor, often exhibiting similar bone structure despite having different functions |
| Population | individuals of the same species living in the same area |