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Psyc-Study Guide 7
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| ________ are categories or groupings of linguistic information, images, ideas, or memories, such as life experiences. | Concepts |
| ________ concepts are ones that we know by a specific set of characteristics. | Artificial |
| ________ encompasses the processes associated with perception, knowledge, problem solving, judgment, language, and memory. | Cognition |
| Knowing what a rainbow looks like because you have seen a rainbow is an example of a(n) ________ concept. | natural |
| Knowing what a dinosaur is because you looked through a book with pictures of dinosaurs and watched the film Jurassic Park is an example of a natural concept that was developed through ________ experience. | indirect |
| Samara meets a nurse. She immediately assumes he is able to help care for sick people, works long hours, and dispenses advice about illness because her ________ schema suggests that nurses behave this way. | role |
| Which term refers to the vocabulary of a language, or the words contained within that language? | lexicon |
| A(an) ________ is a basic sound unit of a given language. | phoneme |
| A ________ is the smallest unit of language that conveys some type of meaning. | morpheme |
| Which term refers to the process by which we derive meaning from morphemes and words? | semantics |
| What impact did Genie’s early isolation have on her ability to acquire language? She never developed a(n) ________. | mastery of the grammatical aspects of language |
| Which concept is a type of mental set where you cannot perceive an object being used for something other than what it was designed for? | functional fixedness |
| What is the confirmation bias? | focusing on information that confirms your existing beliefs |
| Carmela believes her assistant, Lian, is incompetent. She notices only what Lian does wrong while ignoring the above average quality of most of her work. This exemplifies ________ bias. | confirmation |
| Niaz’s car breaks down, and he is convinced that it was a predictable event even though there was no way of knowing it would happen. This exemplifies ________. | hindsight bias |
| The analytical intelligence component of the triarchic theory of intelligence is demonstrated by the ability to ________. | analyze, evaluate, judge, compare, and contrast |
| Who developed the triarchic theory of intelligence? | Robert Sternberg |
| Kai cuts her foot while hiking. She forgot to pack bandages, but she has a tube of superglue and uses that to seal the wound. Kai’s ability to invent a solution uses the ________ intelligence component of the triarchic theory of intelligence. | creative |
| Emily is an adult with a 4th-grade skill level in reading, writing, and math. Her doctor suggests she would be capable of holding a job and living independently. Which subtype of intellectual disability describes Emily? | mild |
| Nima excels at working with numbers in subjects such as calculus and algebra. This exemplifies ________ intelligence from the multiple intelligences theory. | logical–mathematical |
| Aram is proficient in playing a number of instruments and can easily learn new songs and rhythms. This exemplifies ________ intelligence from the multiple intelligences theory. | musical |
| The type of intelligence that involves seeing complex relationships and solving problems is ________ intelligence. | fluid |
| In Howard Gardner’s Multiple Intelligences Theory, ________ intelligence and ________ intelligence are often combined into a single type: emotional intelligence. | interpersonal; intrapersonal |
| What kind of professional would be most qualified to administer an intelligence test? | A professional trained in psychology. |
| Which individual was asked by the French government to create an assessment tool – an intelligence test, of sorts – that would be used to identify schoolchildren who would be more likely to have difficulty in school? | Alfred Binet |
| The practice of administering, scoring, and interpreting an assessment tool in the same manner is called ________. | norming |
| Which option is NOT one of the Wechsler tests of intelligence? | Wechsler Adolescent Intelligence Measure (WAIM) |
| Which statistic is a measure of how data are dispersed in a population and can be used to give context to larger data sets? | standard deviation |
| What is the Flynn effect? | The observation that each generation has a significantly higher IQ than the previous generation. |
| An intelligence score that falls below ________ indicates significant cognitive delays, and may be indicative of an intellectual disability. | 70 |
| Which pair of individuals is most likely to have the highest similarity in their IQ scores? | Marcus and Maria are identical twins who were separated at birth and raised in different families. |
| “Each person is born with a genetic potential to reach a certain level of potential, but whether or not they accomplish that level depends on their environments and experiences.” This is the foundation of the ________ model. | range of reaction |
| What was the most controversial conclusion made by Arthur Jensen with regard to Level 1 and Level II intelligence? | African Americans, as a group, had the lowest amount of Level II intelligence. |
| What did the Minnesota Study of Twins Reared Apart suggest about intelligence? The findings from this study ________. | revealed a genetic component to intelligence |
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Winter4u
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