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SME 9-Ch 9-12 Review
SME 9-Chpt 9-12 Review
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| What early device was developed to store electric charge? | Leyden jar |
| What is the general term for a device that transforms the energy of an electric current into another useful form of energy? | load |
| What is the SI unit of resistance? | ohm |
| What device consists of one or more electrochemical cells connected in series to produce a single source of current? | battery |
| What device converts pulses of electricity into sound waves? | loudspeaker |
| What communication device uses electromagnets to reproduce messages by means of audible clicks? | telegraph |
| What is a material that allows current to flow through it with no resistance? | superconductor |
| Who built the first electrostatic generator? | Otto von Guericke |
| What is the transfer of an electric charge by direct contact between objects? | conduction |
| What device converts absorbed sunlight directly into electricity? | photovoltaic cell |
| What type of generator works by passing a conducting fluid through a magnetic field? | magnetohydrodynamic generator |
| What is an electric field with even strength throughout? | uniform field |
| What is the method of magnetism in which an object is permanently magnetized by stroking a magnet against the object? | magnetizing by contact |
| What is a semiconductor device that produces light when a direct current is applied? | light-emitting diode |
| What is the line connecting all points where a compass needle points true north? | agonic line |
| What is the imaginary line that circles Earth halfway between the two magnetic poles? | magnetic equator |
| What is the final attraction force between two charged objects when the distance is reduced to 1/5 of the original distance? | 25 times the original force |
| What is a small, relatively inexpensive computer designed for use by one user at a time? | personal computer |
| What is a large, extremely powerful computer designed for rapidly performing complex calculations? | supercomputer |
| What allows a computer to communicate with the outside world or a user to communicate with the computer? | input/output device |
| What part of a computer controls all other systems of the computer? | central processing unit |
| What is the largest computer network? | internet |
| What is a single chip that contains a complete CPU? | microprocessor |
| What is a collection of programs that contain instructions for displaying words and images on the screen for a user? | operating system |
| What type of computer memory is used for temporary storage? | RAM |
| What is the SI unit of electric charge? | coulomb |
| What are the actual physical components of a computer called? | hardware |
| What is the smallest directly accessible unit of data in a computer? | byte |
| What are the imaginary lines that indicate the direction and strenght of a magnetic field called? | lines of flux |
| What is the electrostatic method of reproducing images on paper? | xerography |
| What is an electrical switch operated by an electromagnet called? | relay |
| What process produces an electric current in a vacuum using a heating cathode? | thermionic emission |
| What are pieces of information stored in computers called? | data |
| What is an electronic device that processes information using electrical circuits? | computer |
| What device produces a single binary output based on one or more binary inputs? | logic gate |
| What device uses a narrow strip of metal in a protective insulated case to limit current through a circuit? | fuse |
| What is an electrical device designed to add resistance to a circuit? | resistor |
| What device uses electromagnetic induction to produce electricity? | generator |
| What device produces a strong magnetic field when electricity passes through it? | electromagnet |
| What is a simple device that converts electricity to back-and-forth motion? | solenoid |
| What is a semiconductor device that can perform the same functions as a vacuum-tube triode, such as acting as a switch and amplifying weak signals? | transistor |
| What device increases or decreases the voltage of an alternating current using electromagnetic induction? | transformer |
| What is the stored information and set of instruction that direct a computer to perform certain tasks? | sofware |
| What is the rate of charge flow called? | current |
| What is the branch of the study of electricity that deals with the behavior and motion of electrons in a vacuum or in a semiconductor? | electronics |
| What is the process of replacing atoms of a semiconductor with atoms of another element called? | doping |
| What is a simple vacuum tube consisting of three electrodes called? | triode |
| What are large computers designed to store and retrieve vast amounts of information? | mainframes |
| What type of data can have any possible value within a specified range? | analog |
| The positive terminal of a voltaic or storage cell contacts the cell's _______. | cathode |
| What is the number system that is based on powers of sixteen? | hexadecimal |
| What is a semiconductor that lacks electrons called? | p-type |
| What is the type of electrochemical cell that is NOT designed to be recharged? | voltaic cell |
| What is the most common type of transistor used today? | field-effect transistor |
| What was America's first mass-produced computer? | UNIVAC I |
| Substances that can be easily magnetized are considered magnetically _______. | soft |
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