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D080
Unit 5 - modules 10 -11
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| supply chain networks | a complex, evolved from a supply chain that includes secondary support and multiple, interrelated supply and distribution lines |
| supply chain | the sequence of processes involved in the production and distribution of a commodity |
| value chain | the process by which a company adds value to product, such as production, marketing and service |
| supply chain management | the management of the flow of goods or services through the process of moving from production to customer |
| production planning | the allocation of resources in the production process |
| distribution | the process of supplying goods to customers |
| push model | theory in supply chain management that focuses decisions on the needs of the product |
| production cycle | All the activities involved in creating a product |
| pull model | theory in supply chain management that bases decisions and activities on the needs of the customer |
| lean manufacturing principles | a collection of methods or theories for reducing waste in manufacturing |
| multinational production | manufacturing process that span multiple countries outside a firms country of origin, usually in a coordinated multistage system |
| country of orgiin effect | the effect the consumer's perception or opinion of the country where a product is made has on the customers perception or opinion of the product itself |
| made to order | manufacturing method that allows customer to customize the product |
| mass production | manufacturing method that creates large amount of identical products |
| mass customization | manufacturing method that combines that flexibility of custom production with the scale of mass production by allowing the customer to dictate some of the design elements in the product that will have a wide distribution |
| value to wright ratio | value of a product per pound or kilogram |
| fixed cost | the necessary expense of the manufacturing process other than the cost of materials or labor used in production |
| Outsourcing | hiring staff or business outside the company to complete business activities |
| insourcing | using in house staff to complete a business task |
| marketing channel | the way a seller connects with a customer, sometimes called a distribution channel |
| distribution channel | the way a seller makes a product available to a customer to buy, sometimes used interchangeably with marking channel |
| direct distribution strategy | distribution strategy that reaches customer directly without any intermediaries, distribution channel and distribution strategy are often used interchangeably |
| indirect channel | a direct path between producer and consumer with internediaries |
| indirect distribution strategy | distribution strategy that uses intermediaries to reach customers. distribution channel and distribution strategy are often used interchangeably |
| direct channel | the shortest path between a producer and consumer |
| debt | amount owed to someone |
| equity | value of the shares of a company |
| foreign currency | a form of money in circulation in a different country |
| exchange rates | the price of one currency expressed in terms of units of another currency |
| venture capital (VC) | a type of high risk investing |
| crowdsourcing | enlisting the help of a large number of people, often via the internet |
| General Accepted Accounting Principles (GAAP) | a collection of generally accepted accounting principles used in the United States |
| International Accounting Standards Board (IASB) | An independent group that oversees the development and revision of the International Financial Reporting Standards (IFRS) |
| International Financial Reporting Standards (IFRS) | a collection of accounting principles used through much of the world outside the United States |
| Financial Accounting Standards Board (FASB) | an independent group that oversees the development and revision of the GAAP |
| political risk | possible political changes or or instability in a country that could hurt a company's financial return on foreign investment |
| Macro risk | a type of political risk in which political factors impact the overall stability of a country and can impact any industry regardless of industry type |
| Micro risk | a type of political risk that apples to a specific foreign company or group of foreign companies in a country |
| currency risk | the risk of a change in the exchange rate that will have an adverse effect |
| currency translation | the act of translating currencies on a financial statement to another currency |
| foreign exchange market | the market in which people use one currency to buy another currency |
| spot rate | Currency exchange rate that require immediate settlement with the delivery of the traded currency |
| hedging | using financial instruments to reduce adverse price movements |
| derivatives | special type of financial instruments, the price of which are ultimately derived rom the price or performance of some underlying assests |
| return volatility | a measure of the variation in returns on an investment |
| forward contract | a contract in which the firm agrees to pay a set rate at the beginning of a contract |
| currency futures contract | contracts that require the exchange of a specific amount of currency at a specific future date and at a specific exchange rate |
| currency swap contracts | a contract where 2 firms agree to swap currencies in the future at a previously agreed exchange rate |
| currency option contracts | the option or the right to exchange a specific amount of currency on a specific future date and at a specific agreed on rate |
| long position | a strategy used in investing of a trader who buys an asset with expectation that it will increase in value |
| short position | a strategy used investing of a trader who sells someone else's asset with the expectation of buying it back later when it decreases in value |
| transfer pricing | the practice of shifting assets to a subsidiary in a country with a better tax bracket |
| fronting loan | a loan made between a parent company and its subsidiary through a financial intermediary such as a bank |
| tax haven | a country that has very low corporate taxes |
Created by:
mmedearis
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