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chapter 7
Learners with ADHD
| Term | Definition |
|---|---|
| Strauss Syndrome | behaviors of distractibility, forced responsiveness to stimuli, and hyperactivity |
| Cerebral palsy | A condition characterized by paralysis, weakness, lack of coordination , and/or other motor dysfunction; caused by damage to the brain before it has matured. |
| Minimal brain injury | a term used to describe who shows behavioral but not neurological signs of brain injury; the term is not as popular as it once was, primarily because of its lack of diagnostic utility ; a term used to refer to children who exibit inattention, impulsivity, |
| hyperactive child syndrome | a term used to refer to children who exhibit inattention, impulsivity, and/or hyperactivity; popular in the 1960's and 1970's |
| Neurotransmitters | Chemicals involved in sending messages between neurons in teh brain |
| dopamine | A neurotransmitter, the levels of which may be abnormal in people with ADHD |
| norepinephrine | a neurotransmitter, the levels of which may be abnormal in people with ADHD |
| Molecular genetics | the study of the structure and functions of genes at molecular level |
| toxins | poisons in the environment that can cause fetal malformations; can be used to signify a variety of messages |
| executive functioning (EF) | the ability to regulate ones behavior through working memory, inner speech, control of emotions, and arousal levels, and analysis of problems and communication of problem solutions to others; delayed or impaired in people with ADHD |
| behavioral inhibition | the ability to stop an intended response, to stop an ongoing response, to guard an ongoing response from interruption, and to refrain from responding immediately; allows executive functions to occur; delayed or impaired in those with ADHD |
| Sluggish cognitive tempo (SCT) | a set of behaviors characterized by daydreaming, feeling confused, and tiring easily ; often displayed by persons with ADHD |
| Functional behavioral assessment (fba) | evaluation that consist of finding out the consequences, antecedents, and setting events, that maintain inappropriate behaviors |
| Psychostimulants | medications that activate dopamine levels in the frontal and prefrontal areas of the brain that control behavioral inhibition and executive functions; used to treat a person with ADHD |
| Strattera | A nonstimulant medication for ADHD; affects the neurotransmitter norepinephrine |
| Ritalin | The most commonly prescribed psychostimulant for ADHD; its generic name is methylphenidate |
| Adderall | A psychostimulant for ADHD; its effects are longer lasting than Ritalin |
| Vyvanse | a stimulant that is sometimes prescribed to treat symptoms of attention deficit hyperactivity disorder in children |
| Paradoxical effect of Ritalin | the now discredited belief that Ritalin, even though a stimulant, acts to subdue a person's' behavior and that this effect of Ritalin is evident in people with ADHD but not in those without ADHD |
| Mind-wandering | Difficulty in keeping a train of thought because of thinking about something other than what one is doing; sometimes accompanied by ones inability to recall what topic(s) he or she was thinking about |
Created by:
MorganBlakeman