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Psyc-Study Guide 5
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| Which type of processing involves the interpretation of sensations and is influenced by available knowledge and expectancies? | top-down |
| ________ refers to the way that sensory information is interpreted and consciously experienced; ________ refers to what happens when sensory information is detected by a sensory receptor. | Perception; sensation |
| What has research shown about processing subliminal messages? | In laboratory settings, people can process and respond to information outside of their awareness. |
| Your ears receive sound waves and convert this energy into neural messages that travel to your brain and are processed as sounds. This is an example of ________. | transduction |
| Participants were instructed to focus on either white or black objects, disregarding the other color. When a red cross passed across the screen, about one third of the subjects did not notice it. This research protocol demonstrates which concept? | inattentional blindness |
| Two lines appear to be a different length, though in reality they are the same length. This is known as the ________ illusion. | Müller-Lyer |
| The amplitude of a wave is the height of a wave as measured from the highest point on the wave________ to the lowest point on the wave ________. | crest; trough |
| Within the visible spectrum, our experience of red is associated with ________ waves of light. | longer wavelengths |
| ________ amplitudes are associated with ________ sounds. | higher; louder |
| When considering the wavelength of a radio wave – like the kind you hear when listening to music as you drive along – you would be correct to think that the size is this wave is about as long as | a building. |
| Petra walks into a brightly lit Psychology lab to participate in an experiment involving the ability to perceive the colors of the rainbow. Which photoreceptors will be most useful during this experiment? | cones |
| What term describes the continuation of a visual sensation after removal of the stimulus? | afterimage |
| _______ disparity refers to the slightly different view of the world that each eye receives, and is a distance cue that allows us to perceive the depth of a given visual stimulus. | Binocular |
| Which nerve carries visual information from the retina to the brain? | optic |
| Wesley is in a movie theater with no windows—the only light is low illumination from the emergency lights on the floor. Which photoreceptors will be most useful to Wesley as he attempts to leave the theater? | rods |
| Tyrahn’s rods do not transform light into nerve impulses as easily and efficiently as they should, so he has trouble seeing in dim light. This is called ________ blindness | night |
| Light waves are first transmitted through the ________ at the front of the eye and enter an opening called the ________ before shining onto the retina. | cornea; pupil |
| In a person whose eyes work in the usual fashion, the ________ will focus images perfectly on a small indentation in the back of the eye known as the ________. | lens; fovea |
| Which of these is not one of the structures that comprises the outer ear? | the basilar membrane |
| The auditory cortex, in which sound stimuli are processed for perception, is located in the ________ lobe. | temporal |
| Some neurons can only generate action potentials up to a certain speed, and no faster. This fact is a limitation of the ________ theory of pitch perception. | temporal |
| What does the place theory of pitch perception suggest? | Receptors on different portions of the basilar membrane are sensitive to sounds of different frequencies. |
| How does a cochlear implant enable the deaf to hear? | It receives incoming sound information and directly stimulates the auditory nerve to transmit information to the brain. |
| Why are olfaction and gustation called chemical senses? | They have sensory receptors that respond to molecules in the food we eat or in the air we breathe. |
| Ronaldo was born without the ability to experience pain, though he can perceive temperature differences and changes in pressure. What is his condition called? | congenital analgesia |
| Vinnie is standing on one leg with his arms in the air. The ________ sense helps keep him balanced so he has less chance of falling over. | vestibular |
| Which perceptual system allows Nancy to run without watching her feet and hit a baseball without focusing on her hands? | proprioception |
| Felicia smacks her thumb with a hammer while building a doghouse. The sense of ________ provides her brain with information about the pain she feels. | nociception |
| Which school of thinking in psychology includes the following concepts: figure-ground relationship, law of continuity, and principle of closure? | Gestalt |
| When you watch the teacher at the front of the room, you are easily able to distinguish her from the white board (or chalk board) behind her. This demonstrates the Gestalt principle of ________. | a figure-ground relationship |
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Winter4u
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