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Abnormal Psych #2
Quest 2 for WISE
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| about how many adults have an anxiety-based disorder per year? | 20% |
| how many women have an anxiety-based disorder per year? | 23% |
| how many men have an anxiety-based disorder per year? | 19% |
| What is comorbid with anxiety? | Depression and substance use |
| What is the most common type of disorder in the US? | Anxiety |
| what structures contribute to anxiety? | amygdala- triggers the HPA axis HPA axis - Contributes to fight or flight Hippocampus - evaluates potential danger GABA - inhibits anxiety |
| Anxiety sensitivity | tendency to view changes as dangerous |
| negative apprasial | interpreting ambiguous events as threatening |
| where are higher anxiety rates found? | unsafe environments, adverse working conditions, racism, female hormones, and Low SES/financially struggling homes |
| GAD | Generalized anxiety disorder |
| GAD criteria | Excessive anxiety and worry, occurring more days than not for at least six months about a number of events and activities. The individual finds it difficult to control the worry. |
| How many symptoms are required for GAD? | 3 out of 6, lasting for more days than not over the last 6 months |
| What are the 6 symptoms of GAD? | restlessness/feeling on edge, easily fatigued, difficulty concentrating, irritability, muscle tension, sleep disturbance |
| What causes GAD? | -Heredity, decreased levels of GABA/serotonin, Overactive fear network -Separation or loss, mother with anxious tendencies, poverty, excessive stress |
| Treatment for GAD | CBT, mindfulness, medicines |
| What is a phobia? | a strong persistent, and unwarranted fear of some specific object or situation |
| Phobic disorders | -agoraphobia -specific phobia -social anxiety disorder -panic disorder |
| Specific phobias | living creatures, natural environment, blood/injection/injury, and situational |
| What causes phobias? | Overactive emotional response systems, evolution, overprotective parenting, female gender, parent phobic modeling, rigid moral codes, shaming, classical conditioning |
| Social Phobia | Marked fear or anxiety about one or more social situations in which the individual is exposed to possible scrutiny by others. |
| Treatment for Phobias | Exposure therapy, CBT, HRT |
| What is exposure therapy? | When a representation of the phobic object is used to help the client acclimate to the real object |
| What is CBT? | cognitive behavior therapy |
| what is HRT? | Habit reversal training |
| Panic Disorder | Recurrent unexpected panic attacks. A panic attack is an abrupt surge of intense fear or intense discomfort that reaches a peak within minutes |
| Symptoms of Panic Disorder | Palpitations, pounding heart, or accelerated heart rate, sweating, Trembling or shaking, Sensations of shortness of breath or smothering, Feelings of choking, chest pain or discomfort, etc |
| introceptive conditioning | a classical conditioning process in which fear is associated with the perception of bodily changes. A potential PD precursor. |
| OCD | Obsessive Compulsive disorder |
| What is OCD? | Presence of obsessions, compulsions, or both |
| Obsessions are defined as | Recurrent and persistent thoughts, urges, or impulses that are experienced, at some time during the disturbance, as intrusive and unwanted, and that in most individuals cause marked anxiety or distress. |
| Compulsions are defined as | Repetitive behaviors (e.g., hand washing, ordering checking) or mental acts (e.g., praying, counting, repeating words silently) that the person feels driven to perform in response to an obsession, or according to the rules that must be applied rigidly. |
| types of depressive disorders | major depressive disorder (MDD), Persistent depressive disorder (PDD), Depressive disorder due to a medical condition. |
| Prevalence of MDD | 14-19%, much higher in females. Can occur at any age, but mostly late 20s |
| Prevalence of PDD | 4%, much higher in females. Occurs mostly in childhood and adolescence. |
| Depression | intense sadness or loss of interest in normally enjoyed activities. |
| types of symptoms in depressive disorders | emotional, cognitive, behavioral, physiological |
Created by:
AnnieY20!
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