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A&P Vocabulary
Skeletal,Muscular,Cardiovascular,Hematologic,Respiratory
| Term | Definition |
|---|---|
| Analgesic | A medication used to relieve pain. |
| Antipyretic | A medication used to treat a fever. |
| Arthr/o | Root word meaning joint. |
| Costal | Root word meaning ribs. |
| Cyclooxygenase | Enzyme responsible for the production of prostaglandins. |
| Prostaglandin | A substance responsible for symptoms of inflammation, including pain, swelling, and redness. |
| Arthritis | Inflammation of one or more joints that may cause pain, swelling, and loss of function. |
| Bone fracture | A break in a bone. |
| Gout | A condition caused by uric acid buildup in joints, resulting in sudden and severe pain, often in the big toe; can lead to kidney stones if untreated. |
| Ostealgia | Pain in the bones. |
| Osteoarthritis | A load-bearing joint disorder in which cartilage wears away, causing inflammation from bone-to-bone contact; worsens with age. |
| Osteoporosis | A metabolic bone disease that decreases bone density, making bones brittle and more likely to fracture. |
| Reye syndrome | A life-threatening condition in children associated with aspirin use. |
| Sprain | An injury to a joint caused by stretching or tearing of ligaments. |
| Tendonitis | Inflammation of a tendon. |
| Autonomic nervous system (ANS) | Controls involuntary muscles such as cardiac and smooth muscle involved in heart rate, blood pressure, and digestion. |
| My/o | Root word meaning muscle. |
| Sarc/o | Root word meaning flesh. |
| Myalgia | Muscle pain, tenderness, or weakness. |
| Myasthenia gravis | A disorder characterized by chronic fatigue and muscle weakness. |
| Myosclerosis | Abnormal hardening of muscle tissue limiting movement. |
| Rhabdomyolysis | Severe muscle breakdown that can occur as an adverse effect of certain cholesterol medications. |
| Strain | An injury to a muscle or tendon caused by overextension. |
| Cholesterol | A lipid in the blood that can form plaque and block blood vessels. |
| High-density lipoprotein (HDL) | Good cholesterol that transports cholesterol to the liver and helps prevent plaque buildup. |
| Low-density lipoprotein (LDL) | Bad cholesterol that contributes to plaque buildup in arteries. |
| Plaque | Accumulation of cholesterol in blood vessels that restricts blood flow. |
| Vasoconstriction | Narrowing of blood vessels due to contraction of vessel walls. |
| Vasodilation | Widening of blood vessels due to relaxation of vessel walls. |
| Angina | Chest pain caused by reduced blood flow to the heart that may radiate to the arms, neck, jaw, or back. |
| Edema | Excess fluid accumulation in the body, often around the ankles. |
| Bradycardia | A resting heart rate less than 60 beats per minute. |
| Hemorrhage | Bleeding due to trauma or injury. |
| Hyperlipidemia | Elevated cholesterol levels in the bloodstream. |
| Myocardial infarction | A heart attack caused by blocked blood flow to the heart muscle. |
| Tachycardia | A resting heart rate greater than 100 beats per minute. |
| Anticoagulation | Prevention of blood clot formation. |
| Coagulation | The process of blood clotting. |
| Erythrocyte | A red blood cell that transports oxygen. |
| Leukocyte | A white blood cell. |
| Platelet | Blood cell fragments responsible for forming clots. |
| Thrombus | A blood clot formed within a blood vessel. |
| CVA | A stroke caused by loss of oxygen to the brain due to blockage or bleeding. |
| Deep vein thrombosis (DVT) | A blood clot in a deep vein, usually in the leg, that may cause swelling and pain. |
| Embolism | A dislodged clot or object traveling through the bloodstream that blocks a vessel. |
| Leukemia | A cancer of blood-forming stem cells that replaces normal white blood cells. |
| Pulmonary embolism (PE) | A clot that travels to the lungs and blocks blood flow, causing breathing difficulty. |
| Apnea | Absence of spontaneous breathing. |
| Asphyxia | Abnormal changes caused by lack of oxygen. |
| Aspiration | Inhaling foreign material into the lungs. |
| Diffusion | Movement of substances from high concentration to low concentration without energy. |
| Expiration | Breathing out as the diaphragm relaxes. |
| Histamine | A chemical released during allergic reactions that causes sneezing, runny nose, and wheezing. |
| Allergic rhinitis | Inflammation of nasal passages caused by allergies, resulting in mucus production. |
| Allergy | An abnormal immune response to a substance. |
| Asthma | A breathing disorder causing narrowing of the bronchi, leading to wheezing and shortness of breath. |
| Chronic bronchitis | Long-term inflammation of the bronchi causing productive cough and breathing difficulty. |
| Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) | A disease including emphysema and chronic bronchitis that causes long-term breathing difficulty. |
| Influenza | A contagious viral respiratory infection spread by coughing and sneezing. |
| Rhinitis | Inflammation of the nasal mucous membranes. |
| Rhinorrhea | Excessive mucus discharge from the nose. |
Created by:
RGVCPharmily
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