Question 1

lisinopril

Accepted Answer

Brand name: Zestril; Prinivil
Class: ACE Inhibitor
Indication: Hypertension
Pearls:
- ACE inhibitors may cause a dry cough
- ACE inhibitors are contraindicated in pregnancy

Question 2

benazepril

Accepted Answer

Brand name: Lotensin
Class: ACE Inhibitor
Indication: Hypertension
Pearls:
- ACE inhibitors may cause a dry cough
- ACE inhibitors are contraindicated in pregnancy

Question 3

ramipril

Accepted Answer

Brand name: Altace
Class: ACE Inhibitor
Indication: Hypertension
Pearls:
- ACE inhibitors may cause a dry cough
- ACE inhibitors are contraindicated in pregnancy

Question 4

enalapril

Accepted Answer

Brand name: Vasotec
Class: ACE Inhibitor
Indication: Hypertension
Pearls:
- ACE inhibitors may cause a dry cough
- ACE inhibitors are contraindicated in pregnancy

Question 5

losartan

Accepted Answer

Brand name: Cozaar
Class: ARB
Indication: Hypertension
Pearls:
- Like ACE-I's, ARBs are also contraindicated in pregnancy
- Unlike ACE-I's, ARBs do NOT cause cough

Question 6

olmesartan

Accepted Answer

Brand name: Benicar
Class: ARB
Indication: Hypertension
Pearls:
- Like ACE-I's, ARBs are also contraindicated in pregnancy
- Unlike ACE-I's, ARBs do NOT cause cough

Question 7

irbesartan

Accepted Answer

Brand name: Avapro
Class: ARB
Indication: Hypertension
Pearls:
- Like ACE-I's, ARBs are also contraindicated in pregnancy
- Unlike ACE-I's, ARBs do NOT cause cough

Question 8

valsartan

Accepted Answer

Brand name: Diovan
Class: ARB
Indication: Hypertension
Pearls:
- Like ACE-I's, ARBs are also contraindicated in pregnancy
- Unlike ACE-I's, ARBs do NOT cause cough

Question 9

metoprolol tartrate

Accepted Answer

Brand name: Lopressor
Class: Beta-blocker
Indication: Hypertension; heart failure, arrhythmia 
Pearls:
- Metoprolol tartrate is taken twice daily (as opposed to once daily for succinate) 
- Beta-blockers should be avoided in patients with asthma

Question 10

metoprolol succinate

Accepted Answer

Brand name: Toprol XL
Class: Beta-blocker
Indication: Hypertension; heart failure, arrhythmia 
Pearls:
- Metoprolol succinate is taken once daily (as opposed to twice daily for tartrate) 
- Beta-blockers should be avoided in patients with asthma

Question 11

carvedilol

Accepted Answer

Brand name: Coreg
Class: Beta-blocker
Indication: Hypertension; heart failure, arrhythmia 
Pearls:
- Beta-blockers should be avoided in patients with asthma
- Take with food

Question 12

atenolol

Accepted Answer

Brand name: Tenormin
Class: Beta-blocker
Indication: Hypertension; heart failure, arrhythmia 
Pearls:
- Beta-blockers should be avoided in patients with asthma

Question 13

labetalol

Accepted Answer

Brand name: Trandate
Class: Beta-blocker
Indication: Hypertension; heart failure, arrhythmia 
Pearls:
- Beta-blockers should be avoided in patients with asthma

Question 14

propranolol

Accepted Answer

Brand name: Inderal
Class: Beta-blocker
Indication: Hypertension; heart failure, arrhythmia 
Pearls:
- Beta-blockers should be avoided in patients with asthma

Question 15

amlodipine

Accepted Answer

Brand name: Norvasc
Class: Calcium channel blocker (dihydropyridine)
Indication: Hypertension
Pearls:

Question 16

nifedipine

Accepted Answer

Brand name: Procardia; Adalat
Class: Calcium channel blocker (dihydropyridine)
Indication: Hypertension
Pearls:

Question 17

diltiazem

Accepted Answer

Brand name: Cardizem
Class: Calcium channel blocker (non-dihydropyridine)
Indication: Hypertension
Pearls:

Question 18

verapamil

Accepted Answer

Brand name: Calan
Class: Calcium channel blocker (non-dihydropyridine)
Indication: Hypertension; atrial fibrillation
Pearls:

Question 19

hydrochlorothiazide

Accepted Answer

Brand name: Microzide
Class: Thiazide diuretic
Indication: Hypertension
Pearls:
- Common abbreviation: HCTZ
- Diuretics are typically taken in the morning

Question 20

chlorthalidone

Accepted Answer

Brand name: Thalitone
Class: Thiazide diuretic
Indication: Hypertension
Pearls:
- Diuretics are typically taken in the morning

Question 21

metolazone

Accepted Answer

Brand name: Zaroxolyn
Class: Thiazide diuretic
Indication: Hypertension
Pearls:
- Diuretics are typically taken in the morning

Question 22

losartan / hydrochlorothiazide

Accepted Answer

Brand name: Hyzaar
Class: Combination of ARB + Thiazide diuretic
Indication: Hypertension
Pearls:
- Take in the morning (diuretic)
- Avoid in pregnancy (ARB)

Question 23

lisinopril / hydrochlorothiazide

Accepted Answer

Brand name: Zestoretic
Class: Combination of ACE-I + Thiazide diuretic
Indication: Hypertension
Pearls:
- Take in the morning (diuretic)
- Avoid in pregnancy (ACE-I)

Question 24

furosemide

Accepted Answer

Brand name: Lasix
Class: Loop diuretic
Indication: Hypertension
Pearls:
- Diuretics are typically taken in the morning
- Can cause hypokalemia (low potassium). Many patients take a potassium supplement.

Question 25

bumetanide

Accepted Answer

Brand name: Bumex
Class: Loop diuretic
Indication: Hypertension
Pearls:
- Diuretics are typically taken in the morning
- Can cause hypokalemia (low potassium). Many patients take a potassium supplement.

Question 26

torsemide

Accepted Answer

Brand name: Demadex
Class: Loop diuretic
Indication: Hypertension
Pearls:
- Diuretics are typically taken in the morning
- Can cause hypokalemia (low potassium). Many patients take a potassium supplement.

Question 27

spironolactone

Accepted Answer

Brand name: Aldactone
Class: Potassium-sparing diuretic
Indication: Hypertension
Pearls:
- Diuretics are typically taken in the morning
- Can cause hyperkalemia (high potassium)
- Avoid high-potassium foods and salt substitutes like Dash

Question 28

triamterene / hydrochlorothiazide

Accepted Answer

Brand name: Dyazide
Class: Potassium-sparing diuretic + thiazide diuretic
Indication: Hypertension
Pearls:
- Diuretics are typically taken in the morning
- ADR: hyperkalemia (high potassium)
- Avoid high-potassium foods / salt substitutes like Dash

Question 29

potassium chloride

Accepted Answer

Brand name: Klor-Con; K-Dur; K-Tab
Class: Potassium supplement
Indication: Prevent/treat hypokalemia
Pearls:
- Abbreviation: KCl
- Replaces potassium lost from loop/thiazides
- Available as: tabs, caps, powder, solution
- Solution must be diluted

Question 30

doxazosin

Accepted Answer

Brand name: Cardura
Class: Alpha 1 blocker
Indication: Hypertension; BPH
Pearls:
- ADR: Orthostatic hypotension. Patients should rise slowly from sitting or lying positions
- Alpha 1 blockers can treat HTN, BPH, or both. Doxazosin treats both.

Question 31

terazosin

Accepted Answer

Brand name: Hytrin
Class: Alpha 1 blocker
Indication: Hypertension; BPH
Pearls:
- ADR: Orthostatic hypotension. Patients should rise slowly from sitting or lying positions
- Alpha 1 blockers can treat HTN, BPH, or both. Terazosin treats both.

Question 32

prazosin

Accepted Answer

Brand name: Minipress
Class: Alpha 1 blocker
Indication: Hypertension
Pearls:
- ADR: Orthostatic hypotension. Patients should rise slowly from sitting/lying positions
- Alpha 1 blockers can treat HTN, BPH, or both. Prazosin treats HTN only.

Question 33

tamsulosin

Accepted Answer

Brand name: Flomax
Class: Alpha 1 blocker
Indication: BPH
Pearls:
- ADR: Orthostatic hypotension. Patients should rise slowly from sitting or lying positions
- Alpha 1 blockers can treat HTN, BPH, or both. Tamsulosin treats BPH only.

Question 34

hydralazine

Accepted Answer

Brand name: Apresoline
Class: Peripheral vasodilator
Indication: Hypertension
Pearls:
- ADR: orthostatic hypotension. Patients should rise slowly from sitting or lying positions

Question 35

clonidine

Accepted Answer

Brand name: Catapress; Kapvay
Class: Alpha 2 adrenergic agonist
Indication: Hypertension; ADHD
Pearls:
- ADR: orthostatic hypotension. Patients should rise slowly from sitting or lying positions

Question 36

aspirin

Accepted Answer

Brand name: Various
Class: NSAID; Salicylate
Indication: Antiplatelet (low dose); Analgesic/antipyretic (high dose)
Pearls:
- Low-dose "baby aspirin" should never be given to infants
- ADR: Increased bleeding risk
- Abbreviation: ASA

Question 37

clopidogrel

Accepted Answer

Brand name: Plavix
Class: Antiplatelet
Indication: Prevent blood clots
Pearls:
- ADR: Increased risk of bleeding

Question 38

ticagrelor

Accepted Answer

Brand name: Brilinta
Class: Antiplatelet
Indication: Prevent blood clots
Pearls:
- ADR: Increased risk of bleeding

Question 39

warfarin

Accepted Answer

Brand: Coumadin
Class: Anticoagulant
Indication: Prevent/treat clots
Pearls:
- Boxed warning: Risk of bleeding
- Maintain consistent vitamin K intake
- Antidote: Vitamin K (phytonadione)
- Hazardous drug 
- Frequent blood monitoring / dose changes

Question 40

apixaban

Accepted Answer

Brand name: Eliquis
Class: Anticoagulant
Indication: Prevent/treat blood clots
Pearls:
- ADR: Increased risk of bleeding

Question 41

dabigatran

Accepted Answer

Brand name: Pradaxa
Class: Anticoagulant
Indication: Prevent/treat blood clots
Pearls:
- ADR: Increased risk of bleeding

Question 42

enoxaparin

Accepted Answer

Brand name: Lovenox
Class: Anticoagulant
Indication: Prevent/treat blood clots
Pearls:
- ADR: Increased risk of bleeding
- Administered via injection

Question 43

rivaroxaban

Accepted Answer

Brand name: Xarelto
Class: Anticoagulant
Indication: Prevent/treat blood clots
Pearls:
- ADR: Increased risk of bleeding

Question 44

nitroglycerin sublingual

Accepted Answer

Brand name: Nitro-Quick; Nitro-Stat
Class: Vasodilator
Indication: Angina
Pearls:
- SL tablet or spray.
- Use 1 dose q 5 min PRN for up to 3 doses. Call 911 if no relief
- DDI: PDE5-inhibitors (sildenafil, tadalafil)
- Store in original container

Question 45

isosorbide / hydralazine

Accepted Answer

Brand name: BiDil
Class: Vasodilator
Indication: Prevents angina (heart pain)
Pearls:
- DDI: PDE5-inhibitors (sildenafil, tadalafil etc.) Administering together may lead to heart attack or stroke.

Question 46

digoxin

Accepted Answer

Brand name: Lanoxin; Digitek
Class: Cardiac glycoside
Indication: Heart failure; arrhythmia 
Pearls:
- Narrow therapeutic index drug

Question 47

atorvastatin

Accepted Answer

Brand name: Lipitor
Class: HMG-CoA reductase inhibitor (statin)
Indication: Hypercholesterolemia
Pearls:
- Statins interact with grapefruit. Do not eat grapefruit or drink grapefruit juice.
- ADR: Muscle pain, weakness, or cramps; rhabdomyolysis.

Question 48

rosuvastatin

Accepted Answer

Brand name: Crestor
Class: HMG-CoA reductase inhibitor (statin)
Indication: Hypercholesterolemia
Pearls:
- Statins interact with grapefruit. Do not eat grapefruit or drink grapefruit juice.
- ADR: Muscle pain, weakness, or cramps; rhabdomyolysis.

Question 49

simvastatin

Accepted Answer

Brand name: Zocor
Class: HMG-CoA reductase inhibitor (statin)
Indication: Hypercholesterolemia
Pearls:
- Statins interact with grapefruit. Do not eat grapefruit or drink grapefruit juice.
- ADR: Muscle pain, weakness, or cramps; rhabdomyolysis.

Question 50

pravastatin

Accepted Answer

Brand name: Pravachol
Class: HMG-CoA reductase inhibitor (statin)
Indication: Hypercholesterolemia
Pearls:
- Statins interact with grapefruit. Do not eat grapefruit or drink grapefruit juice.
- ADR: Muscle pain, weakness, or cramps; rhabdomyolysis.

Question 51

lovastatin

Accepted Answer

Brand name: Mevacor
Class: HMG-CoA reductase inhibitor (statin)
Indication: Hypercholesterolemia
Pearls:
- Statins interact with grapefruit. Do not eat grapefruit or drink grapefruit juice.
- ADR: Muscle pain, weakness, or cramps; rhabdomyolysis.

Question 52

ezetimibe

Accepted Answer

Brand name: Zetia
Class: Antilipemic agent
Indication: Hypercholesterolemia (high cholesterol)
Pearls:
- Decreases cholesterol absorption in the intestine
- Often used with a statin

Question 53

fenofibrate

Accepted Answer

Brand name: Tricor; Trilipix
Class: Fibrate
Indication: Hypercholesterolemia (high cholesterol)
Pearls:
- Increased risk of muscle toxicity when combined with statins

Question 54

gemfibrozil

Accepted Answer

Brand name: Lopid
Class: Fibrate
Indication: Hypercholesterolemia (high cholesterol)
Pearls:
- Increased risk of muscle toxicity when combined with statins

Question 55

Niacin

Accepted Answer

Brand name: Niaspan
Class: Antilipemic agent
Indication: Hypercholesterolemia
Pearls:
- Also known as vitamin B3 or nicotinic acid
- ADR: Flushing - temporary and harmless. Taking aspirin can help reduce it.
- Also available in OTC formulations

Question 56

omega-3 fatty acids

Accepted Answer

Brand name: Lovaza
Class: Antilipemic agent
Indication: Hypercholesterolemia (high cholesterol)
Pearls:
- Available in OTC and Rx formulations

Question 57

albuterol inhaler

Accepted Answer

Brand name: ProAir; Ventolin; Proventil
Class: SABA (Short-acting beta agonist)
Indication: Bronchospasm
Pearls:
- Albuterol MDIs (metered-dose inhalers) are commonly referred to as "rescue inhalers"
- ADR: Increased heart rate; palpitations

Question 58

levalbuterol inhaler

Accepted Answer

Brand name: Xopenex
Class: SABA (Short-acting beta agonist)
Indication: Bronchospasm
Pearls:
- Levalbuterol MDIs (metered-dose inhalers) are commonly referred to as "rescue inhalers"
- ADR: Increased heart rate; palpitations

Question 59

albuterol nebulizer solution

Accepted Answer

Brand name: N/A
Class: SABA (Short-acting beta agonist)
Indication: Bronchospasm
Pearls:
- Must be administered using a nebulizer
- ADR: Increased heart rate; palpitations

Question 60

fluticasone inhaler

Accepted Answer

Brand name: Flovent
Class: ICS (Inhaled corticosteroid)
Indication: Asthma maintenance
Pearls:
- Rinse mouth after ICS use (prevents oral thrush)

Question 61

beclomethasone

Accepted Answer

Brand name: Qvar
Class: ICS (Inhaled corticosteroid)
Indication: Asthma maintenance
Pearls:
- Rinse mouth after ICS use (prevents oral thrush)

Question 62

tiotropium

Accepted Answer

Brand name: Spiriva
Class: LAMA (Long-acting muscarinic agent)
Indication: Asthma/COPD maintenance
Pearls:

Question 63

umeclidinium

Accepted Answer

Brand name: Incruse
Class: LAMA (Long-acting muscarinic agent)
Indication: Asthma/COPD maintenance
Pearls:

Question 64

salmeterol

Accepted Answer

Brand name: Serevent
Class: LABA (Long-acting beta agonist)
Indication: Asthma/COPD maintenance
Pearls:

Q1 - Pharmacotherapy

Quarter 1 Pharmacotherapy

Generic name	Drug overview
lisinopril	Brand name: Zestril; Prinivil Class: ACE Inhibitor Indication: Hypertension Pearls: - ACE inhibitors may cause a dry cough - ACE inhibitors are contraindicated in pregnancy
benazepril	Brand name: Lotensin Class: ACE Inhibitor Indication: Hypertension Pearls: - ACE inhibitors may cause a dry cough - ACE inhibitors are contraindicated in pregnancy
ramipril	Brand name: Altace Class: ACE Inhibitor Indication: Hypertension Pearls: - ACE inhibitors may cause a dry cough - ACE inhibitors are contraindicated in pregnancy
enalapril	Brand name: Vasotec Class: ACE Inhibitor Indication: Hypertension Pearls: - ACE inhibitors may cause a dry cough - ACE inhibitors are contraindicated in pregnancy
losartan	Brand name: Cozaar Class: ARB Indication: Hypertension Pearls: - Like ACE-I's, ARBs are also contraindicated in pregnancy - Unlike ACE-I's, ARBs do NOT cause cough
olmesartan	Brand name: Benicar Class: ARB Indication: Hypertension Pearls: - Like ACE-I's, ARBs are also contraindicated in pregnancy - Unlike ACE-I's, ARBs do NOT cause cough
irbesartan	Brand name: Avapro Class: ARB Indication: Hypertension Pearls: - Like ACE-I's, ARBs are also contraindicated in pregnancy - Unlike ACE-I's, ARBs do NOT cause cough
valsartan	Brand name: Diovan Class: ARB Indication: Hypertension Pearls: - Like ACE-I's, ARBs are also contraindicated in pregnancy - Unlike ACE-I's, ARBs do NOT cause cough
metoprolol tartrate	Brand name: Lopressor Class: Beta-blocker Indication: Hypertension; heart failure, arrhythmia Pearls: - Metoprolol tartrate is taken twice daily (as opposed to once daily for succinate) - Beta-blockers should be avoided in patients with asthma
metoprolol succinate	Brand name: Toprol XL Class: Beta-blocker Indication: Hypertension; heart failure, arrhythmia Pearls: - Metoprolol succinate is taken once daily (as opposed to twice daily for tartrate) - Beta-blockers should be avoided in patients with asthma
carvedilol	Brand name: Coreg Class: Beta-blocker Indication: Hypertension; heart failure, arrhythmia Pearls: - Beta-blockers should be avoided in patients with asthma - Take with food
atenolol	Brand name: Tenormin Class: Beta-blocker Indication: Hypertension; heart failure, arrhythmia Pearls: - Beta-blockers should be avoided in patients with asthma
labetalol	Brand name: Trandate Class: Beta-blocker Indication: Hypertension; heart failure, arrhythmia Pearls: - Beta-blockers should be avoided in patients with asthma
propranolol	Brand name: Inderal Class: Beta-blocker Indication: Hypertension; heart failure, arrhythmia Pearls: - Beta-blockers should be avoided in patients with asthma
amlodipine	Brand name: Norvasc Class: Calcium channel blocker (dihydropyridine) Indication: Hypertension Pearls:
nifedipine	Brand name: Procardia; Adalat Class: Calcium channel blocker (dihydropyridine) Indication: Hypertension Pearls:
diltiazem	Brand name: Cardizem Class: Calcium channel blocker (non-dihydropyridine) Indication: Hypertension Pearls:
verapamil	Brand name: Calan Class: Calcium channel blocker (non-dihydropyridine) Indication: Hypertension; atrial fibrillation Pearls:
hydrochlorothiazide	Brand name: Microzide Class: Thiazide diuretic Indication: Hypertension Pearls: - Common abbreviation: HCTZ - Diuretics are typically taken in the morning
chlorthalidone	Brand name: Thalitone Class: Thiazide diuretic Indication: Hypertension Pearls: - Diuretics are typically taken in the morning
metolazone	Brand name: Zaroxolyn Class: Thiazide diuretic Indication: Hypertension Pearls: - Diuretics are typically taken in the morning
losartan / hydrochlorothiazide	Brand name: Hyzaar Class: Combination of ARB + Thiazide diuretic Indication: Hypertension Pearls: - Take in the morning (diuretic) - Avoid in pregnancy (ARB)
lisinopril / hydrochlorothiazide	Brand name: Zestoretic Class: Combination of ACE-I + Thiazide diuretic Indication: Hypertension Pearls: - Take in the morning (diuretic) - Avoid in pregnancy (ACE-I)
furosemide	Brand name: Lasix Class: Loop diuretic Indication: Hypertension Pearls: - Diuretics are typically taken in the morning - Can cause hypokalemia (low potassium). Many patients take a potassium supplement.
bumetanide	Brand name: Bumex Class: Loop diuretic Indication: Hypertension Pearls: - Diuretics are typically taken in the morning - Can cause hypokalemia (low potassium). Many patients take a potassium supplement.
torsemide	Brand name: Demadex Class: Loop diuretic Indication: Hypertension Pearls: - Diuretics are typically taken in the morning - Can cause hypokalemia (low potassium). Many patients take a potassium supplement.
spironolactone	Brand name: Aldactone Class: Potassium-sparing diuretic Indication: Hypertension Pearls: - Diuretics are typically taken in the morning - Can cause hyperkalemia (high potassium) - Avoid high-potassium foods and salt substitutes like Dash
triamterene / hydrochlorothiazide	Brand name: Dyazide Class: Potassium-sparing diuretic + thiazide diuretic Indication: Hypertension Pearls: - Diuretics are typically taken in the morning - ADR: hyperkalemia (high potassium) - Avoid high-potassium foods / salt substitutes like Dash
potassium chloride	Brand name: Klor-Con; K-Dur; K-Tab Class: Potassium supplement Indication: Prevent/treat hypokalemia Pearls: - Abbreviation: KCl - Replaces potassium lost from loop/thiazides - Available as: tabs, caps, powder, solution - Solution must be diluted
doxazosin	Brand name: Cardura Class: Alpha 1 blocker Indication: Hypertension; BPH Pearls: - ADR: Orthostatic hypotension. Patients should rise slowly from sitting or lying positions - Alpha 1 blockers can treat HTN, BPH, or both. Doxazosin treats both.
terazosin	Brand name: Hytrin Class: Alpha 1 blocker Indication: Hypertension; BPH Pearls: - ADR: Orthostatic hypotension. Patients should rise slowly from sitting or lying positions - Alpha 1 blockers can treat HTN, BPH, or both. Terazosin treats both.
prazosin	Brand name: Minipress Class: Alpha 1 blocker Indication: Hypertension Pearls: - ADR: Orthostatic hypotension. Patients should rise slowly from sitting/lying positions - Alpha 1 blockers can treat HTN, BPH, or both. Prazosin treats HTN only.
tamsulosin	Brand name: Flomax Class: Alpha 1 blocker Indication: BPH Pearls: - ADR: Orthostatic hypotension. Patients should rise slowly from sitting or lying positions - Alpha 1 blockers can treat HTN, BPH, or both. Tamsulosin treats BPH only.
hydralazine	Brand name: Apresoline Class: Peripheral vasodilator Indication: Hypertension Pearls: - ADR: orthostatic hypotension. Patients should rise slowly from sitting or lying positions
clonidine	Brand name: Catapress; Kapvay Class: Alpha 2 adrenergic agonist Indication: Hypertension; ADHD Pearls: - ADR: orthostatic hypotension. Patients should rise slowly from sitting or lying positions
aspirin	Brand name: Various Class: NSAID; Salicylate Indication: Antiplatelet (low dose); Analgesic/antipyretic (high dose) Pearls: - Low-dose "baby aspirin" should never be given to infants - ADR: Increased bleeding risk - Abbreviation: ASA
clopidogrel	Brand name: Plavix Class: Antiplatelet Indication: Prevent blood clots Pearls: - ADR: Increased risk of bleeding
ticagrelor	Brand name: Brilinta Class: Antiplatelet Indication: Prevent blood clots Pearls: - ADR: Increased risk of bleeding
warfarin	Brand: Coumadin Class: Anticoagulant Indication: Prevent/treat clots Pearls: - Boxed warning: Risk of bleeding - Maintain consistent vitamin K intake - Antidote: Vitamin K (phytonadione) - Hazardous drug - Frequent blood monitoring / dose changes
apixaban	Brand name: Eliquis Class: Anticoagulant Indication: Prevent/treat blood clots Pearls: - ADR: Increased risk of bleeding
dabigatran	Brand name: Pradaxa Class: Anticoagulant Indication: Prevent/treat blood clots Pearls: - ADR: Increased risk of bleeding
enoxaparin	Brand name: Lovenox Class: Anticoagulant Indication: Prevent/treat blood clots Pearls: - ADR: Increased risk of bleeding - Administered via injection
rivaroxaban	Brand name: Xarelto Class: Anticoagulant Indication: Prevent/treat blood clots Pearls: - ADR: Increased risk of bleeding
nitroglycerin sublingual	Brand name: Nitro-Quick; Nitro-Stat Class: Vasodilator Indication: Angina Pearls: - SL tablet or spray. - Use 1 dose q 5 min PRN for up to 3 doses. Call 911 if no relief - DDI: PDE5-inhibitors (sildenafil, tadalafil) - Store in original container
isosorbide / hydralazine	Brand name: BiDil Class: Vasodilator Indication: Prevents angina (heart pain) Pearls: - DDI: PDE5-inhibitors (sildenafil, tadalafil etc.) Administering together may lead to heart attack or stroke.
digoxin	Brand name: Lanoxin; Digitek Class: Cardiac glycoside Indication: Heart failure; arrhythmia Pearls: - Narrow therapeutic index drug
atorvastatin	Brand name: Lipitor Class: HMG-CoA reductase inhibitor (statin) Indication: Hypercholesterolemia Pearls: - Statins interact with grapefruit. Do not eat grapefruit or drink grapefruit juice. - ADR: Muscle pain, weakness, or cramps; rhabdomyolysis.
rosuvastatin	Brand name: Crestor Class: HMG-CoA reductase inhibitor (statin) Indication: Hypercholesterolemia Pearls: - Statins interact with grapefruit. Do not eat grapefruit or drink grapefruit juice. - ADR: Muscle pain, weakness, or cramps; rhabdomyolysis.
simvastatin	Brand name: Zocor Class: HMG-CoA reductase inhibitor (statin) Indication: Hypercholesterolemia Pearls: - Statins interact with grapefruit. Do not eat grapefruit or drink grapefruit juice. - ADR: Muscle pain, weakness, or cramps; rhabdomyolysis.
pravastatin	Brand name: Pravachol Class: HMG-CoA reductase inhibitor (statin) Indication: Hypercholesterolemia Pearls: - Statins interact with grapefruit. Do not eat grapefruit or drink grapefruit juice. - ADR: Muscle pain, weakness, or cramps; rhabdomyolysis.
lovastatin	Brand name: Mevacor Class: HMG-CoA reductase inhibitor (statin) Indication: Hypercholesterolemia Pearls: - Statins interact with grapefruit. Do not eat grapefruit or drink grapefruit juice. - ADR: Muscle pain, weakness, or cramps; rhabdomyolysis.
ezetimibe	Brand name: Zetia Class: Antilipemic agent Indication: Hypercholesterolemia (high cholesterol) Pearls: - Decreases cholesterol absorption in the intestine - Often used with a statin
fenofibrate	Brand name: Tricor; Trilipix Class: Fibrate Indication: Hypercholesterolemia (high cholesterol) Pearls: - Increased risk of muscle toxicity when combined with statins
gemfibrozil	Brand name: Lopid Class: Fibrate Indication: Hypercholesterolemia (high cholesterol) Pearls: - Increased risk of muscle toxicity when combined with statins
Niacin	Brand name: Niaspan Class: Antilipemic agent Indication: Hypercholesterolemia Pearls: - Also known as vitamin B3 or nicotinic acid - ADR: Flushing - temporary and harmless. Taking aspirin can help reduce it. - Also available in OTC formulations
omega-3 fatty acids	Brand name: Lovaza Class: Antilipemic agent Indication: Hypercholesterolemia (high cholesterol) Pearls: - Available in OTC and Rx formulations
albuterol inhaler	Brand name: ProAir; Ventolin; Proventil Class: SABA (Short-acting beta agonist) Indication: Bronchospasm Pearls: - Albuterol MDIs (metered-dose inhalers) are commonly referred to as "rescue inhalers" - ADR: Increased heart rate; palpitations
levalbuterol inhaler	Brand name: Xopenex Class: SABA (Short-acting beta agonist) Indication: Bronchospasm Pearls: - Levalbuterol MDIs (metered-dose inhalers) are commonly referred to as "rescue inhalers" - ADR: Increased heart rate; palpitations
albuterol nebulizer solution	Brand name: N/A Class: SABA (Short-acting beta agonist) Indication: Bronchospasm Pearls: - Must be administered using a nebulizer - ADR: Increased heart rate; palpitations
fluticasone inhaler	Brand name: Flovent Class: ICS (Inhaled corticosteroid) Indication: Asthma maintenance Pearls: - Rinse mouth after ICS use (prevents oral thrush)
beclomethasone	Brand name: Qvar Class: ICS (Inhaled corticosteroid) Indication: Asthma maintenance Pearls: - Rinse mouth after ICS use (prevents oral thrush)
tiotropium	Brand name: Spiriva Class: LAMA (Long-acting muscarinic agent) Indication: Asthma/COPD maintenance Pearls:
umeclidinium	Brand name: Incruse Class: LAMA (Long-acting muscarinic agent) Indication: Asthma/COPD maintenance Pearls:
salmeterol	Brand name: Serevent Class: LABA (Long-acting beta agonist) Indication: Asthma/COPD maintenance Pearls:
formoterol / budesonide	Brand name: Symbicort Class: LABA / ICS Indication: Asthma/COPD maintenance and/or rescue Pearls: - Can be used for SMART therapy (single maintenance and reliever inhaler) - Rinse mouth after ICS use (prevents oral thrush)
salmeterol / fluticasone	Brand name: Advair Class: LABA / ICS Indication: Asthma/COPD maintenance Pearls: - Rinse mouth after ICS use (prevents oral thrush)
vilanterol / fluticasone	Brand name: Breo Ellipta Class: LABA / ICS Indication: Asthma/COPD maintenance Pearls:
formoterol / mometasone	Brand name: Dulera Class: LABA / ICS Indication: Asthma/COPD maintenance Pearls: - Rinse mouth after ICS use (prevents oral thrush)
vilanterol / umeclidinium	Brand name: Anoro Ellipta Class: LABA / LAMA Indication: Asthma/COPD maintenance Pearls:
vilanterol / umeclidinium / fluticasone	Brand name: Trelegy Ellipta Class: LABA / LAMA / ICS Indication: Asthma/COPD maintenance Pearls: - Rinse mouth after ICS use (prevents oral thrush)
montelukast	Brand name: Singulair Class: Leukotriene-receptor antagonist Indication: Asthma maintenance; allergy management Pearls: - Boxed warning: Neuropsychiatric events (e.g., depression, suicidal thoughts). More common during initiation and dosage changes.
nicotine patches	Brand name: Nicoderm Class: NRT (nicotine replacement therapy) Indication: Smoking cessation Pearls: - Available OTC - Apply to clean, dry skin; rotate sites daily
nicotine gum	Brand name: Nicorette Gum Class: NRT (nicotine replacement therapy) Indication: Smoking cessation Pearls: - Available OTC - Patients should use the "chew-and-park" method
nicotine lozenge	Brand name: Nicorette Lozenge Class: NRT (nicotine replacement therapy) Indication: Smoking cessation Pearls: - Available OTC - Allow to dissolve in mouth. Do not chew or swallow whole.
varenicline	Brand name: Chantix Class: Nicotinic receptor agonist Indication: Smoking cessation Pearls: - Prescription only
bupropion SR	Brand name: Zyban; Wellbutrin Class: Norepinephrine/dopamine reuptake inhibitor Indication: Antidepressant; smoking cessation; ADHD Pearls: - IR and ER (Wellbutrin, Wellbutrin XL) used for depression/ADHD - SR (Zyban) used for smoking cessation
levothyroxine	Brand name: Synthroid; Levoxyl Class: Thyroid hormone replacement Indication: Hypothyroidism (low levels of thyroid hormone) Pearls: - Narrow therapeutic index drug (NTI) - Take on an empty stomach, same time daily
epinephrine injector	Brand name: EpiPen Class: Sympathomimetic Indication: Anaphylaxis Pearls: - Emergency rescue injection for severe allergic reactions
testosterone injection	Brand name: Depo-testosterone Class: Androgen Indication: Male hypogonadism Pearls: - Injectable testosterone replacement - DEA Schedule III
testosterone gel	Brand name: Androgel Class: Androgen Indication: Male hypogonadism Pearls: - Topical testosterone replacement - DEA Schedule III - Risk of accidental transfer. Avoid direct skin contact with women/children. Apply to covered areas
conjugated estrogens	Brand name: Premarin Class: Estrogen Indication: Menopausal symptom relief Pearls: - Hormone replacement therapy (HRT)
oral contraceptives	Brand name: Various Class: Hormones Indication: Birth control Pearls: May contain a combination of many hormones, including: estradiol, levonorgestrel, norgestimate, norethindrone, drospirenone, and progesterone.

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