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nutrition 2
exam 1
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| food sources of cholesterol | Found in animal-based foods only |
| what does the body make from cholesterol | Vitamin D, Sex Hormones, Bile Acids |
| bile acids | emulsifies fat, without cholesterol we can't break it down causing oily stool |
| why were trans fats created? | to keep things shelf stable |
| effects of trans fats on the body | increase in LDLs (bad cholesterol) |
| recommended daily saturated fat intake | less than 10% |
| products low in saturated fat | leaner meats, fat not solid at room temperature |
| products high in saturated fat | ex. butter, solid at room temperature |
| sources of fat in fruit | coconuts, avocados, olives |
| how many calories per gram in fats | 9 |
| fat soluble vitamins | ADBK |
| which are destroyed easier vitamins or minerals | vitamins |
| what are vitamins destroyed by? | heat, air, light |
| vitamin A toxicity and health comlications | skin can turn yellowish/orange, can be deadly |
| vitamin B12 deficiency common causes | vegetarian/vegan, gastric resection |
| where do we get most B12 from? | animal proteins |
| why does a gastric resection cause a decrease in B12? | remove atrium of stomach where b12 is absorbed-> don't have intrinsic factor which is the primary thing you need to absorb and breakdown B12 |
| what does vitamin K do? | thickens blood |
| what is vitamin K absorption enhanced with? | gut microbiome |
| what happens if you disrupt gut biome (such as by giving antibiotics) when administering vitamin K? | vitamin K will not be efficiently absorbed-> can cause pt to bleed |
| common disease that occur with vitamin D deficiency | rickets in children, osteomalacia |
| what population is at risk of becoming vitamin C deficient | smokers |
| who should take folic acid? | females |
| when should females take folic acid? | before conception to help with spina bifida because spinal cord gets developed day 2 or 3 of gestational period |
| foods high in folate | leafy greens, legumes, fortified grains |
| RDA for daily fluid intake | 1 mL/kcal/day |
| dehydration signs and symptoms | impaired: mental function, motor control increased body temperatures during physical activity- increased risk of heat stroke tachycardia orthostatic hypotension decreased JVP dizziness muscle spasms delirium |
| foods high in sodium | restaurant, fast food, processed foods, canned foods |
| foods high in calcium | milk products (milk, yogurt, cheese) |
| what population/cohort that may need to increase their supplementation of fluoride? | helps reduce cavities in children- get from tap water (not well water) |
| factors that can cause mineral breakdown | none |
| what can excessive supplement of zinc cause? | copper deficiency |
| underweight BMI | less than 18.5 |
| obese BMI | greater than 30 |
| disadvantages to BMI | doesn't take muscle mass into consideration |
| better measurement for weight than BMI | waist circumferance |
| abdominal fat waist circumference men | greater than or equal to 40 in |
| abdominal fat waist circumference women | greater than or equal to 35 in |
| how many cals/g in alcohol | 7 |
Created by:
camrynfoster
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