Help
Options
Didn't know it?
click below
click below
Knew it?
click below
click below
Don't Know
Remaining cards (0)
Know
retry
shuffle
restart
0:00
Embed Code - If you would like this activity on your web page, copy the script below and paste it into your web page.
Normal Size Small Size show me how
Normal Size Small Size show me how
Research Methods I
Dr. Powell Test 1
| question | Answer |
|---|---|
| empiricism | Knowledge based on careful, deliberate observation |
| Frequency claims | describe a particular rate, degree, or general state of a single variable (e.g., “what is X”, “how often does X occur”, “when does X happen”). |
| Association claims | describe the degree to which two variables are related (or associated) to one another (e.g., “what is the relationship between X and Y”). |
| Casual Claims | describe the cause and effect of things (e.g., “what is the effect of X on Y). |
| Nominal variables | Places data into named categories Ex: -ice cream flavor: vanilla, chocolate, strawberry -Farm animals: Pig, cow, horse, sheep, goat |
| Ordinal variables | Places data into an order following a determined logic. For example, preference from least to greatest, or in order of occurrence from first to last. |
| Equal Interval variables | uses an agreed-upon, numerical scale to measure data. The distances between the units in the scale are assumed to be equivalent. Interval scales do not have an absolute zero point. |
| Nominal | limited to counting frequencies in each category. |
| Ordinal | we can put items in order and say that something is more or less than something else. We can establish order |
| Equal Interval | interval scales only allow for addition and subtraction. It is possible to discuss that amount is more, less, or equal to another, but we cannot multiply or divide them. |
| Ratio | you can compute the average of numbers by assuming that the amount is meaningful in terms of units of the scale of measurement you are using. This type of scale has an absolute zero, where zero means no amount of the quantity being measured. |
| Between Subjects Design | If you are testing two groups of participants, and comparing the two |
| Within Subjects design | If you are testing the same participants more than one time, and comparing them to themselves, that is a within subject's design. |
| Skepticism | -knowledge as limited -importance of logic -systematic doubt and continual testing |
| Falsifiability | a true theory is one that can be disproven (testable) |
| Transparency | Competition, sharing of ideas, diverse body of evidence |
| theory | broad description of a pattern of behavior, how variables are related, assumptions |
| Hypothesis | Research Question - can be used to test a theory |
| prediction | specific pattern of results expected give a study design |
| BOTTOM UP | Observation-> hypothesis |
| TOP-DOWN | Theory -> hypothesis |
| Variable | a factor that varies. measured, manipulated, observable |
| Variable classification | casual model |
| Independent Variable | Proposed cause |
| Dependent Variable | Proposed effect |
| Confounding Variable | alternative cause that must be controlled for |
| Mediator | a variable that explains the link between the IV and DV |
| Moderator | a variable that moderates the impact of the IV on the DV |
| Scale | Nominal, ordinal, equal interval |
| Dichotomous | 2 categories or groups |
| direct observation | observing behavior as it occurs, anthropology roots, ethics, public vs private, |
| Naturalistic observation | Passive recording of behavior, qualitative data |
| Systematic observations | observation of one or more specific behaviors, quantitative, coding |
| participant observation | experimenter is a participant in the environment, disguised participant observation |
| Structured Observation | Experimenter causes event, observes reaction not as controlled, more open-ended behavior |
| Field Observation | Manipulates one variable in a natural setting, two or more conditions, often randomly assigned, more controlled, not pure causation |
| Case studies | In depth, detailed with a single participant, patterns of behavior |
| Indirect (unobtrusive) methods | no intervention, collecting data after, physical traces |
| Coding text | identify themes, develop categories, rules, count frequency in each category, |
| Interrater reliability | %agreement (ideally 80% or higher), Correlations %overlap |
| Observational project | define behavior, parameters, 20 observations, equal interval |
Created by:
AnnieY20!
Popular Psychology sets