Help
Options
Didn't know it?
click below
click below
Knew it?
click below
click below
Don't Know
Remaining cards (0)
Know
retry
shuffle
restart
0:00
Embed Code - If you would like this activity on your web page, copy the script below and paste it into your web page.
Normal Size Small Size show me how
Normal Size Small Size show me how
Child Language Devel
Features of human Communication, Language, and Speech
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| Communication | the sending and receiving of information, ideas, feelings, or messages |
| Forms/methods of communication-examples | -spoken words -written words -morse code -facial expressions -dancing |
| Language | dynamic system of abstract symbols with rule governed structures (the specific conventions of which are learned) |
| Symbols of language can be... | letters in writing, sounds in spoken words, ASL |
| 5 components of language | Form, Content, Use, Reception, Expression |
| Form | PHONOLOGY, MORPHOLOGY, SYNTAX (rules of a language) -word order, word endings, |
| Content | SEMANTICS -one's system of meaning, derived from conceptual information and lexical information -can be based on single word level or word combos |
| Use | PRAGMATICS -one's ability to convey/express their message in a way that conforms to the social constructs of their language system. -includes non-verbal cues/behaviors -holding appropriate conversation |
| Receptive Language | ability to understand + COMPREHEND language -following instructions -identifying words, objects, or pictures -comprehending the relationship between words -reading |
| How to assess comprehension (receptive language) | -asking to follow orders -play I-spy (identification) -repeating sentences |
| Expressive language | ability to speak or produce language (spoken/signed/written) -(verbal expression) -relates to naming -producing grammatical forms+endings, -expression of thoughts and ideas |
| How to assess expressive language | -naming (lexicon) -completing a sentence -describing an action shown -use of language and vocabulary |
| does receptive language or expressive language usually come first? | receptive usually precedes |
| Charles Hockett | creator of "the Origin of Speech", which offers 13 design features of human communication |
| Vocal-Auditory channel "from mouth to ears" | -air from lungs > vocal folds > articulators -sound waves from articulators > ears > brain +animals |
| Broadcast transmission + Directional reception - "sending and receiving signals" | speech signal is broadcast in many directions, to be picked up by anyone in range -listener can determine direction +animals |
| Rapid falling "hear today, gone immediately" | a message is produced, conveyed, and fades away -short-term speech signal -applies to speech + gesture-based communication +animals |
| Interchangability "if you can say it, I can say it" | immitation- any human can say anything another human says -unlimited exchange of info |
| Total feedback "did I say that? did I mean that?" | humans monitor their own speech, can catch/correct errors -hearing, proprioceptive feedback -when fails> Wernicke's Aphasia |
| Specialization "speech is for talking, what else?" | only purpose of speech is communication -ability to produce speech is adopted from other basic biological functions in the body -speech perception is specialized in humans |
| Semanticity "sending messages loud and clear" | -using speech to convey specific messages -words have certain messages/meaning -ambiguity exists (ex-"turn right there") -context + extralinguistic cues are important |
| Arbitrariness "because we say so" | -words we use are arbitrary -ppl decide and agree upon words' meanings -explained in language differences -gives lexability and removes limitations for development |
| Discreetness "limits of speech" | -languages are limited to a discreet/finite #of sounds -after an infant learns their L1, it's difficult to produce sounds from another language |
| Displacement "back to the future" | -(time) humans can talk about the past, present, and future -(distance/place) can talk about things far away |
| Productivity "creativity of mind and mouth" | -produce new creative things -using a language's FINITE collection of sound+words to create INFINITE messages |
| Tradititional transmission "born to talk" | -speech is instinctive -a genetic capacity for language + its system -interplay between language learning ENVIRONMENT and BIOLOGICAL capacity -humans can adapt to differences in communication systems |
| Duality of patterning "many wholes from a few parts" | -combination of the sounds>words and words>sentences by using the constrictions of a language -making new words every year |
| 5 Designs after Charles Hockett | -prevarication -reflexiveness/metalinguistic ability -learnability -recursion -indexicality |
| Prevarication "speaking is an art form" | -invention, storytelling, art -intentionally deceiving others when communicating (lying, bending the truth) -not always malicious -differs from person to person |
| Reflexiveness/Metalinguistic ability "talking about talking" | -humans use language to talk about/explain language. -product of human language |
| Learnability "recipe for language" | -innate capacity and environment stimulus for LANG. LEARNING -cognitive structures and experience |
| Recursion "who am I and why am I here" | humans use acquired info to: -think about/understand self -mentally travel through time -create new language -develop/demonstrate spirituality -imagine what others are thinking |
| Indexicality "all about context" | -related to semanticity -ability to use situational context to produce, receive, or interpret a message -using context to establish meaning BEYOND dictionary definition of words |
Created by:
liz gelles
Popular Academic Vocabulary sets