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Chapter 1 - Exam 1
PSYC 372
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| what is social psychology? | the scientific study of how people's thoughts, feelings, and behaviors are influenced by other people |
| what are the theoretical perspectives of social psychology? | sociocultural, evolutionary, social learning, and social cognitive |
| what is the socio-cultural perspective? | influences from larger social groups are the causes of social behavior |
| what does social behavior depend on for the socio-cultural perspective? | it depends on the cultural practices of the group that one belongs |
| what is the evolutionary perspective? | the physical and psychological predispositions that helped our ancestors survive and reproduce are the causes for social behavior |
| what does the social behavior depend on for the evolutionary perspective? | on evolved tendencies that came through natural selection |
| what is the social learning perspective? | how past learning determines future social behavior |
| what does the social behavior depend on for social learning? | whether the past behavior was rewarded or punished |
| what's a classic example of social learning perspective? | the bobo doll experiment |
| what is the social cognitive perspective? | study of the mental processes involved with people's social experiences |
| what are the 5 main motives that guide social behavior? | establish social ties, understand self and others, gain and maintain status, defend ourselves and loved ones, and attract and retain mates. |
| what is person-situation interaction? | features of the individual and situation combine to influence social behavior |
| what is a conceptual variable? | abstract concepts that are in idea form without physical or observable properties |
| what are operational variables? | conceptual variables translated into variables with physical properties that can be measured |
| what are descriptive methods? | used to measure or record behaviors, thoughts, or feelings in their natural state |
| what are experimental methods? | used to uncover the causes of behavior by systematically varying some aspect of the situation |
| what is a self report measure? | where you record people's answers to questions about themselves in a questionnaire or interview |
| what are observational measures? | recording observable behaviors or physical traces of behavior |
| what are physiological measures? | recording biological data |
| what are naturalistic observations? | observing behaviors in their natural setting |
| what is observer bias? | error introduced into measurement when an observer overemphasizes behaviors they expect to find and fail to notice behaviors they don't accept |
| what is archival data? | repurposing existing data |
| what is social desirability bias? | the tendency for people to say what they believe is appropriate or acceptable |
| what is representativeness? | the extent to which survey repondents have characteristics that match those of the larger population the researcher wants to describe |
| what are psychological tests? | instruments for assessing differences between people in abilities, cognitions,etc. |
| what is reliability? | the consistency of the score yielded by a psychological test |
| what is validity? | extent to which a test measures what is designed to measure |
| what is random assignment? | participants having equal probability of being in a different condition |
| what is an independent variable? | the manipulated variable |
| what is the dependent variable? | the measured variable |
| what is a lab experiment? | where you manipulate variables and observe effects in a lab |
| what is a field experiment? | where you manipulate variables and observe effects in natural settings |
| what does data from descriptive methods show? | it reveals correlational relationships |
| what does data from experimental methods show? | it reveals causal relationships |
Created by:
anaelc
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