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Chapter 3
3.1 Cellular Organization
| Term | Definition |
|---|---|
| Organelles | Membrane structures |
| Microtubules | Cylinders of protection molecules that move organelles, chromosomes and cells Made of 13 longitudinal rows of globular protein tubulin Can assemble or dissemble |
| Endocytosis | Vesicle Formation |
| Vesicle | Membrane bounded sac that stores and transports substances in and out of the sack |
| Nuclear Envelope | Double membrane with nuclear pores that encloses nucleus |
| Chromatin | Diffuses threads containing DNA and proteins |
| Endoplasmic Reticulum | Synthesis/modification and transport of substances in the cell Interconnected membranous channels and vesicles |
| Exocytosis | vesicle release, secretions |
| Polyribosme | string of ribosomes that is synthesized same protein |
| Nuclear Envelope | double membrane that separates the nucleus and cytoplasm Surround and contain nuclear DNA |
| Nuclear Pores | Large enough to permit the passage of proteins into the nucleus and ribosomal subunits |
| Chromatin | Contains DNA and protein and RNA Found in nucleus |
| Chromosomes | Chromatin coils into rodlike structures |
| Nucleoplasm | Chromatin semifluid medium |
| Nucleoli | Ribosomal RNA formed here - rRNA rRNA joins w/protein to form ribosome subunits |
| Polyribosomes or Polysomes | Groups of ribosomes or single within the cytoplasm |
| Endomembrane system | the nuclear envelope, the endoplasmic reticulum, the Golgi apparatus, lysosomes, and vesicles |
| Vesicles | Tiny membrane Sacks |
| Intermediate Filaments | Differ in structure and function Tough and resist stress Often form cell-to-cell junctions Joins skin cells in the outermost skin layer |
| Actin filaments | Long, extremely thin fibers Occur in bundles or other groupings Isolated from various types of cells |