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Chapter 1
Exceptionality and Special Education
| Term | Definition |
|---|---|
| Disability | an inability to do something, a diminished capacity to preform in a specific way. |
| Handicap | is a disadvantage imposed on an individual. |
| Prevalence | the percentage of a population or number of individuals having a particular exceptionality |
| Special Education | specially designed instruction that meets the unusual needs of an exceptional student and that requires special materials, teaching techniques, equipment, and/or facilities. |
| Deinstitutionalization | A social movement starting in the 1960s whereby large numbers of people with intellectual disabilities and/or mental illnesses moved from large mental institutions into smaller community homes or into homes of family. |
| Inclusion | Mainstreaming the idea of placing students with disabilities in general education classes and other school activities. |
| Education for All Handicapped Children Act | Also known as public law 94-142 which became law in 1975. |
| Individuals with Disabilities Education Act (IDEA) | The federal law requires that to receive funds under that act, the school must offer a free appropriate public education for every child between 3-21, regardless of how or how seriously he or age may be disabled. |
| Individuals with Disabilities Education Improvement Act (IDEIA) | The law was reauthorized in 2004 and the name was changed. |
| Hydrocephalus | A condition characterized by enlargement of the head because of excessive pressure of the cerebrospinal fluid |