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Plants Inv. 5-7
Plants Vocabulary
| Term | Definition |
|---|---|
| germination | the process whereby seeds or spores sprout and begin to grow |
| xylem | vascular tissue that transports water and dissolved minerals from the roots of a plant UP to its leaves |
| phloem | vascular tissue that carries sugar and organic substances throughout a plant |
| seed | plant embryo and a food supply encased in a protective covering |
| stomata | the small openings on the undersides of most leaves through which oxygen and carbon dioxide can move |
| transpiration | Evaporation of water from the leaves of a plant |
| leaves | The main photosynthetic organs of plants. |
| veins (in plants) | Framework that transports materials and supports the tissues in a stem or leaf. |
| vessels (in plants) | xylem and phloem |
| roots | Absorbs water and minerals from the ground. Anchors plant in ground. |
| stems | Carry substances between roots and leaves; provide support for plant; holds leaves up to sunlight |
| chloroplast | An organelle found in plant and algae cells where photosynthesis occurs |
| chlorophyll | A green pigment found in the chloroplasts of plants, algae, and some bacteria |
| thylakoid | saclike photosynthetic membranes found in chloroplasts |
| root cap | tough covering of the root tip that protects the meristem |
| root tip | Made up of the root cap, meristematic zone, elongation zone, and maturation zone |
| zone of elongation | where new root cells get bigger |
| zone of maturation | differentiation; cells mature into xylem, phloem, parenchyma, or epidermal cells (root hairs may grow here). |
| cotyledon | first leaf or first pair of leaves produced by the embryo of a seed plant |
| endosperm | food-rich tissue that nourishes a seedling as it grows |
| embryo (in plants) | Young root and shoot become the adult plant |
| photosynthesis | Conversion of light energy from the sun into chemical energy (sugars, food). |
| carbon dioxide | A gas that is expelled from the body by the respiratory system. |
| Oxygen (in plants) | Byproduct of photosynthesis, considered waste. Used for respiration. |
| dormant | inactive; in a state of suspension; sleeping |
| root hairs | tiny hair-like extensions that increase the surface area of the root allowing it to absorbs more water and nurtients |
| prop roots | roots that grow partially in the air and partially in the ground |
| guard cells | control the opening and closing of stomata |
| parenchyma (in leaves) | full of chloroplasts and carry out photosynthesis |
Created by:
MrsShwood
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