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BDK ID #1-2

Basic Drug Knowledge Infectious Diseases Page #1-2

Generic NameBrand NamePharmacologic CategoryCommon IndicationsActivity AgainstKey Side EffectsUS Boxed WarningsOther NotesAdditional Info.
Penicillin V Potassium (PO), Penicillin G Potassium (IV) --- Beta-Lactam Antibiotic (Natural Penicillin) Pharyngitis, Skin & Soft Tissue Infection (SSTI), Syphilis (IV/IM) Streptococcus Pyogenes, Treponema Pallidum (Syphilis) Diarrhea, Hypersensitivity Reactions
Amoxicillin (PO) --- Beta-Lactam Antibiotic (Aminopenicillin) Otitis Media, Pharyngitis Streptococcus Pneumoniae, Streptococcus Pyogenes Diarrhea, Hypersensitivity Reactions
Amoxicillin & Clavulanate (PO) Augmentin, Augmentin XR Beta-Lactam Antibiotic & Beta-Lactamase Inhibitor Otitis Media, Bacterial Sinusitis MSSA (Methicillin-Susceptible Staphylococcus Aureus), Streptococcus Pneumoniae, Anaerobes, Enterobacteriacae Diarrhea, Hypersensitivity Reactions
Ampicillin & Sulbactam (IV) Unasyn Beta-Lactam Antibiotic & Beta-Lactamase Inhibitor Diabetic Foot Infection (DFI), Intra-Abdominal Infection (IAI) MSSA (Methicillin-Susceptible Staphylococcus Aureus), Streptococcus Pneumoniae, Anaerobes, Enterobacteriacae Diarrhea, Hypersensitivity Reactions
Piperacillin & Tazobactam (IV) Zosyn Beta-Lactam Antibiotic & Beta-Lactamase Inhibitor Hospital-Acquired Pneumonia (HAP), Ventilator Associated Pneumonia (VAP), Diabetic Foot Infection (DFI), Intra-Abdominal Infection (IAI) Pseudomonas Aeruginosa, Anaerobes Diarrhea, Hypersensitivity Reactions
Cephalexin (PO) Keflex Beta-Lactam Antibiotic (First Generation Cephalosporin) Skin & Soft Tissue Infection (SSTI) MSSA (Methicillin-Susceptible Staphylococcus Aureus), Streptococcus Pyogenes Diarrhea, Hypersensitivity Reactions
Cefazolin (IV) Ancef Beta-Lactam Antibiotic (First Generation Cephalosporin) Antimicrobial Prophylaxis in Surgery, Catheter-Related Bloodstream Infection (CRBSI), Skin & Soft Tissue Infection (SSTI) MSSA (Methicillin-Susceptible Staphylococcus Aureus), Streptococcus Pyogenes Diarrhea, Hypersensitivity Reactions
Cefuroxime (IV, PO) IV: Zinacef PO: Ceftin Beta-Lactam Antibiotic (Second Generation Cephalosporin) Community Acquired Pneumonia (CAP), Otitis Media Streptococcus Pneumoniae, Haemophilus Influenzae Diarrhea, Hypersensitivity Reactions
Cefdinir (PO) Omnicef Beta-Lactam Antibiotic (Third Generation Cephalosporin) Otitis Media, Bacterial Sinusitis Streptococcus Pneumoniae, Haemophilus Influenzae Diarrhea, Hypersensitivity Reactions
Ceftriaxone (IV, IM) Rocephin Beta-Lactam Antibiotic (Third Generation Cephalosporin) Meningitis, Community Acquired Pneumonia (CAP), Pyelonephritis Streptococcus Pneumoniae, Enterobacteriaceae Diarrhea, Hypersensitivity Reactions
Cefepime (IV) Maxipime Beta-Lactam Antibiotic (Fourth Generation Cephalosporin) Meningitis, Ventilator Associated Pneumonia (VAP), Hospital-Acquired Pneumonia (HAP), Pyelonephritis Pseudomonas Aeruginosa, Enterobacteriaceae Diarrhea, Hypersensitivity Reactions, Seizures or Encephalopathy with Excessive Doses
Meropenem (IV) Merrem Carbapenem Meningitis, Hospital-Acquired Pneumonia (HAP), Diabetic Foot Infection (DFI), Intra-Abdominal Infection (IAI) Pseudomonas Aeruginosa, ESBL (Extended Spectrum Beta Lactamase)-Producing Enterobacteriaceae Diarrhea, Hypersensitivity Reactions, Seizures with Excessive Doses
Ertapenem (IV) Invanz Carbapenem Diabetic Foot Infection (DFI), Intra-Abdominal Infection (IAI) ESBL (Extended Spectrum Beta Lactamase)-Producing Enterobacteriaceae Diarrhea, Hypersensitivity Reactions, Seizures with Excessive Doses
Ciprofloxacin (PO, IV) Cipro Fluoroquinolone Antibiotic Pyelonephritis, Hospital-Acquired Pneumonia (HAP), Ventilator Associated Pneumonia (VAP) Pseudomonas Aeruginosa, Atypicals, Enterobacteriaceae QTc Prolongation, Tendon Rupture, Increased Hepatic Transaminases, Photosensitivity May cause serious adverse reactions including tendinitis & tendon rupture, Peripheral Neuropathy, & CNS effects; May exacerbate muscle weakness in patients with myasthenia gravis Take oral fluoroquinolones 2 hours before or 6 hours after products containing divalent or trivalent cations (i.e., dairy products, calcium-fortified juices, oral multivitamins, mineral supplements); OTHER NOTES CONT. Increased risk of aortic dissection or rupture, Dysglycemias, CNS side effects (i.e., Disorientation & Delirium)
Levofloxacin (PO, IV) Levaquin Fluoroquinolone Antibiotic Community Acquired Pneumonia (CAP), Hospital-Acquired Pneumonia (HAP), Ventilator Associated Pneumonia (VAP), Pyelonephritis Pseudomonas Aeruginosa, Streptococcus Pneumoniae, Atypicals, Enterobacteriaceae QTc Prolongation, Tendon Rupture, Increased Hepatic Transaminases, Photosensitivity May cause serious adverse reactions including tendinitis & tendon rupture, Peripheral Neuropathy, & CNS effects; May exacerbate muscle weakness in patients with myasthenia gravis Take oral fluoroquinolones 2 hours before or 6 hours after products containing divalent or trivalent cations (i.e., dairy products, calcium-fortified juices, oral multivitamins, mineral supplements); OTHER NOTES CONT. Increased risk of aortic dissection or rupture, Dysglycemias, CNS side effects (i.e., Disorientation & Delirium)
Moxifloxacin (Ophthalmic, PO, IV) Ophthalmic: Vigamox PO, IV: Avelox Fluoroquinolone Antibiotic Ophthalmic: Bacterial Conjunctivitis PO, IV: Community Acquired Pneumonia (CAP) Streptococcus Pneumoniae, Atypicals, Tuberculosis QTc Prolongation, Tendon Rupture, Increased Hepatic Transaminases, Photosensitivity May cause serious adverse reactions including tendinitis & tendon rupture, Peripheral Neuropathy, & CNS effects; May exacerbate muscle weakness in patients with myasthenia gravis Take oral fluoroquinolones 2 hours before or 6 hours after products containing divalent or trivalent cations (i.e., dairy products, calcium-fortified juices, oral multivitamins, mineral supplements); OTHER NOTES CONT. Increased risk of aortic dissection or rupture, Dysglycemias, CNS side effects (i.e., Disorientation & Delirium)
Azithromycin (PO, IV) Zithromax, Z-Pak, Zmax Macrolide Antibiotic Community Acquired Pneumonia (CAP) Chlamydia Trachomatis, Atypicals Diarrhea, QTc Prolongation
Fidaxomicin (PO) Dificid Macrolide Antibiotic Clostridioides Difficile Infection (CDI) Clostridioides Difficile Nausea Do not use for systemic infections (No systemic absorption)
Doxycycline (PO, IV) Vibramycin Tetracycline Antibiotic Skin & Soft Tissue Infection (SSTI), Community Acquired Pneumonia (CAP), Tickborne Diseases MRSA (Methicillin-Resistant Staphylococcus Aureus), Atypicals Esophagitis (Doxycycline Only), Photosensitivity Avoid in children <8 years old, pregnancy, & breastfeeding due to bone growth suppression & teeth discoloration; US BOXED WARNINGS CONT. Take oral tetracyclines 2 hours before or 6 hours after products containing divalent or trivalent cations (i.e., dairy products, calcium-fortified juices, oral multivitamins, mineral supplements)
Minocycline (PO, IV) Minocin Tetracycline Antibiotic Skin & Soft Tissue Infection (SSTI), Acne MRSA (Methicillin-Resistant Staphylococcus Aureus) Photosensitivity, DILE (Drug Induced Lupus Erythematosus) [Minocycline Only] Avoid in children <8 years old, pregnancy, & breastfeeding due to bone growth suppression & teeth discoloration; US BOXED WARNINGS CONT. Take oral tetracyclines 2 hours before or 6 hours after products containing divalent or trivalent cations (i.e., dairy products, calcium-fortified juices, oral multivitamins, mineral supplements)
Created by: nataliemvo
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