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Mavis Brown

Physiology Weeks 7-13

QuestionAnswer
What is Nerve signaling? The body's rapid communication system, using both electrical signals (action potentials) within neurons and chemical signals (neurotransmitters) between them to transmit information.
What is the Movement of the membrane potential away from zero (below the usual RMP) is called? Hypo polarization.
If the threshold potential is surpassed, the full peak of the action potential is always reached. True or False? True
The magnitude of the action potential peaks when the sodium channels close. True or False? True
What are the two major parts of the nervous system? The central nervous system (CNS) and the peripheral nervous system (PNS).
What is the autonomic nervous system (ANS)? The autonomic nervous system (ANS) is the automatic control center for involuntary body functions.
What is the set of coordinated commands that control the programmed muscle activity mediated by extrapyramidal pathways called? The Motor Program
Both sympathetic and parasympathetic divisions are tonically active, which means they _______. Continually conduct impulses to autonomic effectors.
Which region of the brain is involved in processing emotions by linking sensory impulses with feelings of pleasure and discomfort? Thalamus
Which ear structures are responsible for the amplification and transfer of sound from the external ear to the inner ear? The ossicles
What is the clear and potassium-rich fluid that fills the labyrinth called? Endolymph.
The receptors responsible for sensing crude and persistent touch are the: Ruffini corpuscles.
How many times does our heart beat in a day? Our heart beats 100,000 times a day.
How much blood does the heart pump in a day? 5,000 gallons.
How much blood is in the human body? An average human has around 5 liters (8 pints) of blood.
Erythrocytes begin their maturation sequence in red bone marrow from nucleated cells known as: Hematopoietic stem cells.
After blood leaves the lungs and returns to the heart, it enters the ____. Left atrium.
During pregnancy, what happens to the oxygenated blood returned from the placenta via the umbilical vein? It flows into the inferior vena cava.
The vagus is said to act as a “brake” on the heart. This situation is called _____. Vagal inhibition.
What is a major function of the lymphatic system? To drain body fluids and return them to the bloodstream.
Which of the following is a powerful poison that acts directly on any cell and quickly kills it? Lymphotoxin
The movement of phagocytes from blood vessels to an inflammation site is called ____. diapedesis. Diapedesis.
What is the Respiratory system? The respiratory system is the network of organs and tissues (like the nose, throat, airways, and lungs).
The mechanism that produces pulmonary ventilation is one that establishes a gas pressure gradient between the _____. Atmosphere and the alveolar air.
Which gas law deals with the solubility of gases in solution? Henry
External respiration can be defined as: The exchange of gases between the lung and the blood capillaries in the lung and pulmonary ventilation.
What is the primary function of the digestive system? To bring essential nutrients into the internal environment so that they are available to each cell of the body.
Chemical digestion requires the secretion of _____ into the lumen of the GI tract. Digestive enzymes and bile
Peristalsis is regulated in part by the intrinsic stretch reflexes. It is also thought to be stimulated by the hormone Cholecystokinin (CCK)
The sodium cotransport or coupled transport acts to transport sodium ions and glucose molecules _____ the GI lumen. passively out of
The hormone thought to be a messenger causing release of digestive enzymes from the intestinal mucosa is: Vasoactive intestinal peptide.
Created by: MavisB5181
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