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psy400ch5p103-116
CHAPTER 5 FOCUSING YOUR QUESTION AND CHOOSING A DESIGN
| Term | Definition |
|---|---|
| Hypotheticodeductive method | A view of scientific methodology that uses quantitative data to teach a particular hypothesis or theory. |
| Hypotheticodeductive method works best | in areas of inquiry where researchers can make precise predictions based on well-established theories |
| Within psychology, descriptive | accounts generally dominate over Interpretation |
| Relativist perspective | The focus by qualitative researchers on how participants construct meaning from a particular event or experience. |
| Within psychology, a more realist | perspective dominates. |
| Because quantitative and qualitative approaches, and experimental and nonexperimental methods, all have their own | strengths and weaknesses, the best research strategy is often to employ multiple approaches and methods to study any topic |
| Test-retest reliability | When measures given more than once obtain the same or highly similar results. |
| Equivalent forms reliability | When two different versions of a scale or assessment are used and result in similar levels of performance |
| Internal consistency | The degree to which items within an assessment are measures of the same thing |
| Construct validity | A measure of the extent to which a particular variable or measure actually captures what it is meant to capture. |
| Split half reliability | in a test, a measure of internal consistency where the scores on half the items are correlated with the scores on the other half |
| Cronbachs alpha (α) | in a test, a measure of internal consistency that measures the average correlation between all items in the assessment. |
| Interrater reliability | A measure of agreement in the scores provided by two or more different raters |
| Internal validity | An assessment of whether a particular variable is the actual cause of a particular outcome. |
| External validity | the degree to which the conclusions drawn from a particular set of results can be generalized to other samples or situations |
| Conclusion validity | An assessment of the degree to which the inferences drawn from the study are reasonable. |
| Face validity | The degree to which a measure "appears" to assess the behavior of interest. |
| Content validity | The degree to which a measure assesses the key dimensions of a construct or behavior. |
| Predictive validity | The degree to which an assessment correlates with a future measure of a construct or behavior |
| Concurrent validity | The degree to which an assessment is correlated with an outcome measure at present |
| Convergent validity | The degree to which two assessments designed to measure the same construct or behavior actually do measure the same thing |
| Discriminant validity | The degree to which two assessments designed to measure different constructs or behaviors are measuring different things |
| Ecological validity | The degree to which the results obtained in a laboratory study generalize to real-world situations |
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