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Personality
Psychology (cengage) chapter 10 ~ personality
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| What is personality? | The reasonably stable patterns of emotion, motives, & behavior that differentiate people |
| What is the psychodynamic theory? | By Sigmund Freud, the perspective that emphasizes the importance of unconscious motives & conflicts that determine behavior |
| Name & describe the first psychic structure. | id-pleasure principle, physiological drives, fully unconscious |
| Name & describe the second psychic structure. | ego-reality principle, reason & good sense, conscious |
| Name & describe the third psychic structure. | superego-setting of moral standards & acceptable behavior |
| Who founded & what is Analytical Psychology? | Carl Jung; theory that emphasizes collective unconscious & archetypes |
| A store of vague memory of humankind's history is called what? | Collective Unconscious (Carl Jung, Analytical Psychology) |
| Who founded & what is Individual Psychology? | Alfred Adler; emphasizes feelings of inferiority & creative self |
| Describe the Inferiority Complex. | Feelings of inferiority that serve as a central motivating factor. |
| Erik Erikson & his 8 stages of development make up what theory? | Psychosocial Development; emphasizes social relationships |
| What is a relatively stable aspect of personality inferred from behavior & gives rise to consistent behavior? | A trait |
| Who created the theory of Introversion-Extraversion? | Hans J. Eysenck, along with emotional stability vs instability (neuroticism) |
| Who came up with the original 4 bodily 'humors'? | Hippocrates; includes choleric, sanguine, phlegmatic, & melanocholic |
| Robert McCrae & Paul T. Costa Jr.'s Five-Factor Model includes what? | Extraversion, neuroticism, conscientiousness, agreeableness, & openness to experience |
| Explain the Social Cognitive Theory. | cognitively oriented learning that utilizes values/expectancies in individual's differences |
| What is the view that people are capable of free-choice & ethical behavior? | Humanism |
| What is the Gender-Schema Theory? | The cognitive view on Gender-Typing; belief that boys & girls conform to social gender standards |
| What are conditions of worth? | Standards by which the value of a person is judged |
| The degree that a test measures what it is supposed to measure? | Validity |
| The consistency of test results from test to test? | Reliability |
| Describe sublimination. | A defense mechanism where unacceptable impulses are redirected to socially acceptable behaviors, most of which are productive |
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odyssey <3
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