Help
Options
Didn't know it?
click below
click below
Knew it?
click below
click below
Don't Know
Remaining cards (0)
Know
retry
shuffle
restart
0:00
Embed Code - If you would like this activity on your web page, copy the script below and paste it into your web page.
Normal Size Small Size show me how
Normal Size Small Size show me how
psy400ch2 p25-
psy400ch2 THE ETHICAL IMPERATIVEp25-41 THE INSTITUTIONAL REVIEW BOARD
| Term | Definition |
|---|---|
| WHY ETHICS MATTER | the research process and the findings themselves depend on the moral integrity of the researcher |
| Informed consent | Agreement of a participant to take part in a study, having been made aware of the potential risks. |
| Ethics | Conduct in research that reflects the social responsibility that the researcher has toward society at large. |
| ethics in psychology refers to a set of standard practices | that promote the safety and dignity of humans and address issues of fairness |
| minimum standards to which a researcher must adhere | regulatory requirements dictated by federal and state law |
| The Nuremberg Code of 1947 | A group of 10 standards that guide ethical research involving human beings. |
| subjects must not only consent to participate in the experiment, but also have the legal capacity to give consent | prisoners, minors, and people with mental disabilities could not participate in experiments |
| The Declaration of Helsinki: Formalized in 1964, this international proclamation broadened | the Nuremberg Code guidelines from 1947, stating, "lt is the mission of the doctor to safeguard the health of the people." |
| Clinical Research Committee: a group of scientists given the power to approve or modify experiments, which became | the prototype for today's IRBs |
| healthy patients were subjects of National Institute of Health involving | injecting radioisotopes, testing of heart drugs, and LSD |
| firewall between NIH funding and research conducted outside its walls | NIH-funded studies must be reviewed and approved by an ethics committee at the institution hosting the research |
| Tuskegee Syphilis Study | with nearly 400 impoverished black men who were never told they had syphilis and no penicillin |
| HISTORY OF ETHICAL ISSUES IN PSYCHOLOGY | Stanley Milgram (obedience) |
| Confederate | An accomplice in a study who is unknown to the participant(s). |
| Philip Zimbardo (prison) involved searching, stripping, and delousing prisoners | the guards forced them to wear smocks, rubber sandals, nylon stocking caps (to simulate shaved heads), and heavy ankle chains |
| Philip Zimbardo (prison): prisoners began to show signs of | extreme emotional distress, such as sobbing, screaming, and refusing to eat. |
| Belmont Report | Developed in 1976, it is a series of basic ethical principles to guide researchers as they perform studies with human subjects |
| Belmont Report provided three general principles to guide the application of regulations: | Respect for persons, Beneficence, Justice |
| Justice | fair administration of carefully considered procedures and non exploitive selection of participants |
| Respect for persons | protect the autonomy of participants, obtain their informed consent, and treat them with courtesy |
| Beneficence | do no harm and at the same time maximize the study's potential benefits, so that people of all races, ethnicities, and incomes can benefit from research. |
| APA based its current guidelines on five principles | Beneficence and nonmaleficence, Fidelity and responsibility, Integrity, Justice, Respectfor people’srights and dignity |
| Beneficence and nonmaleficence | protection of a patients welfare |
| Fidelity and responsibility | be trustworthy and accountable |
| Integrity | honesty and accuracy in clinical practice |
| Justice for all | equal access to psychology for all |
| Respect for people’s rights and dignity | treat patients as worthy individuals and to protect their privacy, confidentiality, and self-determination. |
Created by:
james22222222