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Virus review
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| How do single-celled organisms differ from multi-celled organisms? | - single-celled organisms: all functions are done by the cells themselves - multi-celled organisms: have many layers of cells that all help them to function as an organism |
| What are the five levels of organization in living organisms from most basic to most complex? | 1. cell 2. tissue 3. organ 4. organ system 5. organism |
| What are the three points of the cell theory? | - living organisms are made up of at least one cell - cells are the basic unit of all organisms - all cells come from other cells |
| Who was the first scientist to use the term cells? | - Robert Hooke |
| What is a virus? | - a strand of hereditary material surrounded by a protein coat |
| What three things do viruses NOT have? | - nucleus - organelles - cell membrane |
| What are three reasons a virus is NOT considered a living organism? | - not made of cells - does not grow - can't make its own energy |
| What is a host cell? What is its purpose? | - host cell: a living cell which is used by the virus - its purpose: it acts as a temporary house for the virus to grow |
| What are the steps of infection for an active virus? | - virus attaches to the host cell - injects hereditary material - replicates the virus's hereditary material - viruses reform from hereditary material - viruses are released to re-infect |
| What are the steps of infection for a latent virus? | - virus attaches to the host cell - injects hereditary material into chromosomes - virus leaves DNA and becomes active - virus reforms from hereditary material - viruses are released to re-infect |
| What is another name for an active virus? A latent virus? | - active: lytic - latent: lysogenic |
| What are three ways the replication of latent virus hereditary material differs from an active virus? | 1. latent virus DNA becomes part of the cell's DNA 2. the cell divides with viral DNA integrated into its own DNA 3. the latent virus then leaves the cell DNA to become active |
| What is different regarding how quickly active viruses cause infection versus latent viruses? | - active viruses immediately infect, but latent viruses hide and then come out to infect. |
| Do all viruses affect only one kind of organism? Explain. | - No, some affect a wide range of hosts. |
| What is a vaccine? | - made from a weakened virus that cannot produce the disease anymore |
Created by:
Zushi B.
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