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DC Psych Ch13
Psychological disorders
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| Generalized anxiety disorder (GAD) | Anxiety disorder where a person is continually tense, fearful, and in a state of autonomic nervous system arousal |
| Panic disorder | Anxiety disorder marked by unpredictable minutes-long episodes of intense dread, including terror, chest pain, choking, or other frightening sensations; often followed by worry about next attack. More intense but less prolonged than GAD. |
| Obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD) | Characterized by unwanted and repetitive thoughts (obsessions), actions (compulsions), or both |
| Phobias | Irrational fear of specific objects or situations |
| Posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) | Characterized by haunting memories, nightmares, social withdrawal, jumpy anxiety, insomnia, etc. lingering 4+ weeks after a traumatic experience |
| Withdrawal | Discomfort and distress that follow ending the use of an addictive drug or behavior |
| Alcohol use disorder (alcoholism) | Alcohol use marked by symptoms that may include tolerance, withdrawal, and a drive to continue problematic use |
| Depressants | Drugs that reduce neural activity and slow body functions (alcohol, barbiturates, opioids) |
| Stimulants | Drugs that excite neural activity and speed up body functions (caffeine, nicotine, cocaine, amphetamines, methamphetamines, ecstasy) |
| Hallucinogens | Psychedelic drugs that distort perceptions and trigger sensory images in the absence of sensory input (LSD/acid, marijuana) |
| Methamphetamine | Strong addictive drug that stimulates central nervous system with sped-up body functions and associated energy and mood changes; reduces baseline dopamine levels over time |
| Major depressive disorder | Disorder where a person experiences 5+ symptoms lasting 2+ weeks, in the absence of drug use or medical condition, at least one of which is either depressed mood or loss of interest/pleasure |
| Persistant depressive disorder | Depression with milder symptoms that last for a much longer period of time. |
| Bipolar disorders | Disorders where a person experiences the overexcited state of mania (or milder hypomania) and usually suffers periods of depression. |
| Bipolar I | The most severe form of a bipolar disorder. Includes experiences of euphoric, talkative, highly energetic states of mania lasting a week or longer. This is followed by a plunge into depression. |
| Mania | Unusually excited and overly ambitious mood state where people show dangerously poor judgement, less need for sleep, and increased energy. |
| Bipolar II | Less severe form of a bipolar disorder. Includes milder hypomania, followed by depressive episodes. |
| Schizophrenia | Disorder characterized by delusions, hallucinations, disorganized speech, and/or diminished, inappropriate emotional expression. |
| Positive symptoms (schizophrenia) | Inappropriate behaviors are present; includes hallucinations, delusions, odd emotional expressions, and "word salad" |
| Negative symptoms (schizophrenia) | Appropriate behaviors are absent; includes absence of emotion when speaking, lack of facial expressions, or mute, rigid body. |
| Chronic schizophrenia | Symptoms appear by late adolescence/early adulthood. As age increases, psychotic episodes last longer and recovery periods shorten. |
| Acute schizophrenia | Symptoms begin at any age, usually occurring after a traumatic event. Recovery is much more likely. |
Created by:
mimi.k
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