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Geo Chapter 3
Geography Alive! ch 3 vocab Latin America
| Term | Definition |
|---|---|
| adaptation | a change in a way of life to suit new conditions |
| altitudinal zonation | the division of land into areas based on elevation, which in turn helps determine climate and vegetation |
| barter | conducting trade by exchanging goods or services instead of money |
| biodiversity | the variety of plants and animals living in one area; also refers to the great variety of all living things on Earth |
| carbon-oxygen cycle | the process by which carbon and oxygen cycle among plants, people and animals, and the environment |
| commercial farming | raising crops for sale, often on large farms |
| deforestation | the removal or clearing away of trees from a forest, often to clear land for farming or ranching |
| desert scrub | a vegetation zone of mainly small trees, bushes, and other plants adapted to a dry climate; also refers to the type of vegetation in this zone |
| El Nino | a warm ocean current that flows off the west coast of South America every few years; changes weather patterns around the world and may also cause extreme weather in some regions |
| extreme weather | severe or unusual weather conditions, such as hurricanes, tornadoes, and blizzards |
| hieroglyphs | an early form of writing based on symbols |
| indigenous people | the first people to inhabit an area and their descendants; often natives of an area that has been conquered or dominated by others who came later |
| isthmus | a narrow strip of land that links two larger landmasses |
| meteorology | the scientific study of climate and weather patterns |
| monumental architecture | structures that are built to be very large, often to honor the power of the rulers of society or its gods |
| natural disaster | great destruction or loss of life caused by natural forces rather than by human actions |
| oral traditions | the stories passed down in a society, especially when there is not a written tradition |
| rural decline | worsening economic conditions in the countryside, including rising unemployment and growing poverty; a driver of migration to cities |
| shaman | a member of society whose role is to communicate between society and the spiritual and natural worlds |
| snow line | the lowest elevation on mountains where snow remains year-round |
| spatial inequality | the unequal distribution of wealth or resources in a geographic area so that some places are richer than others |
| standard of living | the overall level of comfort and well-being of a group or a country |
| stratified society | a society that is clearly divided between an elite at the top and, often, a group of skilled workers in the middle and laborers and people who are enslaved at the bottom |
| subsistence farming | agriculture carried out mainly to provide food for farm families, with little surplus for sale to others |
| sustainable development | using resources in ways that meet the needs of people today without using them up for future generations |
| terracing | the creation of flat areas on mountain slopes for the purpose of farming |
| tree line | the highest elevation where trees grow on a mountain |
| traditional culture | customs and ways of life handed down from ancestors |
| tropical cyclone | a severe storm with high winds that spiral around a calm center |
| urbanization | the movement of people from rural to urban areas, resulting in the growth of urban areas |
| vertical trade | the trading of crops between lowland and highland areas |
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msjonesbss
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