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Infectious Disease 2

CategoryGenericBrandIndicationActivity AgainstEKEK+
Carbapenem meropenem (IV) Merrem Meningitis, HAP, DFI, IAI Pseudomonas aeruginosa, ESBL-producing Enterobacteriaceae Key Side Effects: diarrhea, hypersensitivity reactions, seizures with excessive doses
Carbapenem ertapenem (IV) Invanz DFI, IAI ESBL-producing Enterobacteriaceae Key Side Effects: diarrhea, hypersensitivity reactions, seizures with excessive doses
Fluoroquinolone antibiotic ciprofloxacin (PO, IV) Cipro Pyelonephritis, HAP, VAP Pseudomonas aeruginosa, atypicals, Enterobacteriaceae Key side effects: QTc prolongation, tendon rupture, ↑ liver enzymes, photosensitivity. US Boxed Warnings: risk of tendinitis/tendon rupture, peripheral neuropathy, CNS effects, and worsening muscle weakness in myasthenia gravis. Other Notes: Take fluoroquinolones 2 h before or 6 h after dairy, calcium-fortified juices, multivitamins, or mineral supplements. May ↑ risk of aortic dissection/rupture, dysglycemia, and CNS effects (e.g., disorientation, delirium).
Fluoroquinolone antibiotic levofloxacin (PO, IV) Levaquin CAP, HAP, VAP, pyelonephritis Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Streptococcus pneumoniae, atypicals, Enterobacteriaceae Key side effects: QTc prolongation, tendon rupture, ↑ liver enzymes, photosensitivity. US Boxed Warnings: risk of tendinitis/tendon rupture, peripheral neuropathy, CNS effects, and worsening muscle weakness in myasthenia gravis. Other Notes: Take fluoroquinolones 2 h before or 6 h after dairy, calcium-fortified juices, multivitamins, or mineral supplements. May ↑ risk of aortic dissection/rupture, dysglycemia, and CNS effects (e.g., disorientation, delirium).
Fluoroquinolone antibiotic moxifloxacin (ophthalmic, PO, IV) Ophthalmic: Vigamox PO, IV: Avelox Ophthalmic: bacterial conjunctivitis PO, IV: CAP Streptococcus pneumoniae, atypicals, tuberculosis Key side effects: QTc prolongation, tendon rupture, ↑ liver enzymes, photosensitivity. US Boxed Warnings: risk of tendinitis/tendon rupture, peripheral neuropathy, CNS effects, and worsening muscle weakness in myasthenia gravis. Other Notes: Take fluoroquinolones 2 h before or 6 h after dairy, calcium-fortified juices, multivitamins, or mineral supplements. May ↑ risk of aortic dissection/rupture, dysglycemia, and CNS effects (e.g., disorientation, delirium).
Macrolide antibiotic azithromycin (PO, IV) Zithromax, Z-Pak, Zmax CAP Chlamydia trachomatis, atypicals Key Side Effects: diarrhea, QTc prolongation
Macrolide antibiotic fidaxomicin (PO) Dificid CDI Clostridioides difficile Key Side Effects: nausea Other Notes: do not use for systemic infections (no systemic absorption)
Tetracycline antibiotic doxycycline (PO, IV) Vibramycin SSTI, CAP, tickborne diseases MRSA, atypicals Key Side Effects: esophagitis (doxycycline only), photosensitivity, DILE (minocycline only) Other Notes: Avoid in children <8 yrs, pregnancy, and breastfeeding due to bone growth inhibition and teeth discoloration. Take 2 h before or 6 h after dairy, calcium-fortified juices, multivitamins, or mineral supplements.
Tetracycline antibiotic minocycline (PO, IV) Minocin SSTI, acne MRSA Key Side Effects: esophagitis (doxycycline only), photosensitivity, DILE (minocycline only) Other Notes: Avoid in children <8 yrs, pregnancy, and breastfeeding due to bone growth inhibition and teeth discoloration. Take 2 h before or 6 h after dairy, calcium-fortified juices, multivitamins, or mineral supplements.
Created by: PharmacistJulian
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