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Social Psychology
Social Stuff
| Sex | Determined by your biology (genetics) |
| Gender | What sex an individual feels like/associates with |
| Gender-role: | a set of prescriptive culture-specific expectations about what is appropriate for men and women |
| Gender identity: | the psychological sense of oneself as a man or a woman |
| Gender role identity | the extent to which a person approves of and participates in feelings and behaviours considered as appropriate to his or her culturally constituted gender. |
| Intersex | Occasionally a person may end up with an abnormal number of chromosomes (a mutation) Individuals born with both male and female genitalia or ambiguous genitalia/reproductive organs are referred to as being intersex |
| biological theories of gender role | gender determined by bio sex - *Evolutionary Psych (survival advantage) - *Psychosexual differentiation (testosterone has major role in developing masculinity) - *Biosocial (as a result of interaction between biosex and scoialisation) |
| Cognitive theories of gender roles | *Kohlberg's(Gender identity - gender stability - gender constancy) - *Gender Schema (children develop a gender script subconsciously) |
| Social learning theories of gender roles | all gender behavior learnt as a child by socialisation and observation - *Vicarious learning (learn gender specific behavior through watch another get rewarded/punished) |
| Primary socialisation | children adapt partents +close family - attitudes, gender roles, stereotypes, beliefs |
| Secondary socialisation | continued process into adulthood - learn more through media, school etc |
| Social Influence theory | attitudes, beliefs, behavior mostly influenced by surrounding people - compliance - identification - internalisation |
| Compliance | change in someone's attitude publicly (not privately) to appear more likable |
| Identification | change in someone's attitude AND behavior due to being influenced by someone else AND relates to the content of the attitude |
| Internalisation | Change attitude +behavior, ACTUALLY developing and believing these to be true. |
| Power, status, group | Power - influence over thoughts/behavior of other, status - position in a group, group - 2 or more people who interact overtime, influence each other +share common goal. |
| Stanford prison experiment | day 2 protest - Guards became physical and controlling - prisoners suffered severe emotional distress - Day 6 abandoned |
| Conformity | A persons desire to fit in with a group |
| Social norms | expectations of behavior in a culture/society |
| Obedience | individual/group behave on the orders set by figure of authority |
| Milgrim's Experiment | 65% out of 40 delivered lethal dosage |