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DC Psych Ch11
Social psychology
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| Social psychology | Studies how people think, influence, and relate to one another |
| Fundamental attribution error | Tendency to overestimate personal traits' influence and underestimate the influence of the situation (traffic cutoff; are they a bad person or are they in a rush?) |
| Foot-in-the-door phenomenon | Tendency for ppl who have agreed to a small request to later comply with a larger request |
| Cognitive dissonance | Theory that we act to reduce discomfort (dissonance) we feel when two of our thoughts (cognitions) clash. When we learn our attitudes and actions do not match, we change our attitude to match our actions. |
| Attitude | Feelings based on our beliefs that predispose us to respond in particular ways to objects, people, and/or events |
| Role-playing | Acting out a role/position until the role being played becomes a part of the self |
| Culture | Enduring behaviors, ideas, attitudes, values, and traditions shared by a group of people and transmitted from one generation to the next |
| Tight culture | Places with clearly defined and reliably imposed norms |
| Loose culture | Places with flexible and informal norms |
| Peripheral route persuasion | Occurs when people are influenced by attention-getting cues, such as a human speaker's attractiveness |
| Central route persuasion | Occurs when interested people's thinking is influenced by considering evidence and arguments. |
| Normative social influence | Influence resulting from desire to gain approval/avoid disapproval |
| Informational social influence | Influence resulting from willingness to accept others' opinions about reality |
| Social facilitation | In the presence of others, improved performance on simple/well-learned tasks, and worsened performance on difficult tasks |
| Social loafing | Tendency for ppl in a group to exert less effort when pooling effort towards a common goal (than when individually accountable) |
| Deindividuation | Loss of self-awareness and self-restraint in group situations |
| Group polarization | Strengthening of a group's preexisting attitudes through discussions within the group |
| Groupthink | Mode of thinking that occurs when desire for harmony in a decision-making group overrides a realistic appraisal of alternatives |
| Prejudice | Unfair and usually negative attitude toward a group and its members (usually with negativity, stereotyped beliefs, and predisposition to discriminatory action) |
| Discrimination | Unfair negative behavior toward a group and/or its members |
| Just-world thinking | Tendency to believe the world is just and people get what they deserve and deserve what they get |
| Ingroup bias | Tendency to favor our own (social) group |
| Other-race effect | Tendency to recall the faces of one's own race more accurately than faces of other races |
| Scapegoat theory | Theory that prejudice offers an outlet for anger by providing someone to blame |
| Physical attraction | Usually shapes first impressions and social outcomes |
| Passionate love | Aroused state of intense positive absorption in another, usually present at the beginning of romantic love |
| Companionate love | Deep affectionate attachment we feel for those with whom our lives are intertwined; oxytocin supports trust and bonding |
Created by:
mimi.k
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