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Chap 2

Chap 2 - Methods

QuestionAnswer
Science a method for gaining and testing knowledge
Hypothesis a clear, testable prediction
Replicable Results results that others can repeat using the same steps
Meta-analysis combines many studies to see the overall pattern
Theory a broad explanation that organizes facts and predicts outcomes
Falsifiable something that can be proven wrong with evidence
Burden of Proof the responsibility to show evidence for your claim
Parsimony the simplest explanation is usually best
Extrasensory Perception (ESP) the claim of getting information without using the sense (like telepathy)
Basic Research done to learn more about how things work
Applied Research done to solve real-world problems
Operational Definition a clear description of how something is measured
Convenience Sample easy to reach group of people
Representative Sample group that closely matches the larger population
Random Sample everyone in the population has an equal chance of being chosen
Cross-Cultural Sample includes people from two or more cultures
Case History detailed study of one person
Naturalistic Observation watching behaviors in a natural setting
Survey asking people questions about beliefs, attitudes, or behavior
Correlation shows how two variables are related
Correlation Coeffiecient a number showing how strong the relationship is
Illusory Correlation thinking two things are related when they're not
Experiment a study where one factor is changed to see its effect on another
Independent Variable what the researcher changes or controls
Dependent Variable what the researcher measures as the result
Experimental Group the group that gets the treatment or change
Blind Observer someone recording results without knowing what's expected
Demand Characteristics hints that make participants guess what the study wants
Descriptive Statistics numbers that summarize the data
Mean average score
Normal Distribution a balanced, bell-shaped curve of data
Median the middle score when all are listed from highest to lowest
Mode the most common score
Created by: user-1992551
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