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SPED Ch 6
Understanding Students with common disorders
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| Speech Disorder | refers to difficulty producing sounds as well as disorders of voice quality |
| Language disorder | difficulty receiving, understanding, or formulating ideas and information |
| Receptive Language Disorder | difficulty receiving or understanding information |
| Expressive language disorder | difficulty formulating ides and information |
| Cleft or Plate lip | a condition in which a person has a split in the upper part of the oral cavity or lip |
| Dialect | language variation that a group of individuals uses and that reflects shared regional, social, or cultural factors |
| Speech | The oral expression of language |
| Language | Structured, shared, rule-governed, symbolic system for communication |
| Phonology | the use of sounds to make meaningful syllables and words |
| Phonemes | distinct units of a sound |
| Morphology | the system that governs the structure of words |
| Syntax | provides rules for putting together a series of words to form sentences |
| Semantics | the meaning of what is expressed and has receptive and expressive components |
| Pragmatics | Refers to the use of communication in contexts. the overall organizer for language |
| Social interaction Theories | emphasize that communication skills are learned through social interaction |
| Articulation disorders | one of the most frequent communication disorders in preschool and school-age children |
| Articulation | Speakers production of individual or sequenced sounds |
| Substitutions | "Doze" for "those" or "tat" for "cat" |
| Omissions | when a child leaves a phoneme out of a word |
| Additions | when students place a vowel between 2 consonants |
| Distortions | modifications of the production of a phoneme in a word. a listener gets the sense that the sound is being produced but is distorted |
| Apraxia | motor speech disorder that affects the way in which a student plans to produce speech |
| Pitch | affected by the tension and size of the vocal folds, the health of the larnyx, and location of it |
| Duration | the length of time any speech sound requires |
| Intensity | based on the perception of the listener and is determined by the air pressure coming from the lungs through the vocal folds |
| Resonance | the perceived quality of someone's voice |
| Hypernasality | air is allowed to pass through the nasal cavity on sounds other than /m/, /n/, and /ng/. |
| Hyponasality | may sound as if they have a cold or are holding there nose as they are speaking. air passes through mouth rather than nose |
| Fluency | rate and rhythm of speaking |
| Specific Language impairment | not related to any physical or intellectual disability |
| Organic disorders | those caused by an identifiable problem in the neuromuscular mechanism of the person |
| Functional disorders | those who with no identifiable organic or neurological cause |
| Congenital disorder | a disorder that occurs at or before birth |
| Acquired Disorder | A disorder that occurs well after birth |
| Bilingual | uses two languages especially well |
| Bidialectical | used two variations of a language |
| System for Augmenting Language (SAL) | effective instructional strategy that focuses on augmented input of language |
Created by:
mingle
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