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BDK Cardio #3-4
Basic Drug Knowledge Cardiovascular Page #3-4
| Generic Name | Brand Name | Classification | Pharmacologic Catagory | Common Indications | Key Side Effects | US Boxed Warnings | Other Notes |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Dabigatran (PO) | Pradaxa | Anticoagulant, Direct Thrombin Inhibitor | Atrial Fibrillation (AF) (Stroke Prevention), Venous Thromboembolism (VTE) | Bleeding, Dyspepsia | Premature discontinuation increases risk of thrombotic events; Increased risk of epidural or spinal hematoma in patients undergoing spinal puncture | Swallow whole; Dispense & store in original packaging; Discard 4 months after opening | |
| Apixaban (PO) | Eliquis | Anticoagulant, Factor Xa Inhibitor | Atrial Fibrillation (AF) (Stroke Prevention), Venous Thromboembolism (VTE) | Bleeding | Premature discontinuation increases risk of thrombotic events; Increased risk of epidural or spinal hematoma in patients undergoing spinal puncture | ||
| Rivaroxaban (PO) | Xarelto | Anticoagulant, Factor Xa Inhibitor | Atrial Fibrillation (AF) (Stroke Prevention), Venous Thromboembolism (VTE), Peripheral Arterial Disease (PAD) | Bleeding | Premature discontinuation increases risk of thrombotic events; Increased risk of epidural or spinal hematoma in patients undergoing spinal puncture | ||
| Warfarin (PO) | Coumadin, Jantoven | Anticoagulant, Vitamin K Antagonist | Atrial Fibrillation (AF) (Stroke Prevention), Venous Thromboembolism (VTE) | Bleeding, Skin Necrosis | Bleeding Risk | Narrow therapeutic index drug (toxicitiy may occur at concentrations close to therapeutic range; therapeutic monitoring recommended with INR). Dose dependent tablet colors; consistent vitamin K intake recommended; Many drug interactions | |
| Enoxaparin (SQ) | Lovenox | Anticoagulant, Low Molecular Weight Heparin | Acute Coronary Syndrome (ACS), Venous Thromboembolism (VTE) | Bleeding, Heparin-Induced Thombocytopenia (HIT) | Increased risk of epidural or spinal hematoma in patients undergoing spinal puncture | Do not expel air bubble from syringe prior to injection | |
| Heparin (IV, SQ) | --- | Anticoagulant | Acute Coronary Syndrome (ACS), Venous Thromboembolism (VTE) | Bleeding, Hyperkalemia (Chronic Use), Heparin-Induced Thrombocytopenia (HIT) | |||
| Clopidogrel (PO) | Plavix | Antiplatelet Agent | Acute Coronary Syndrome (ACS), Coronary Artery Disease (CAD), Stroke | Bleeding | Diminished Effectiveness in Poor Metabolizers | ||
| Ticagrelor (PO) | Brilinta | Antiplatelet Agent | Acute Coronary Syndrome (ACS) | Bleeding, Dyspnea | Significant, sometimes fatal bleeding; Do not exceed aspirin > 100 mg daily due to reduced ticagrelor effectiveness | ||
| Aspirin (PO) | Bayer, Bufferin, Ecotrin | OTC | Antiplatelet Agent | Acute Coronary Syndrome (ACS), Stable Angina, Pain, Stroke | Dyspepsia, Heartburn, Bleeding | CI in NSAID or salicylate allergy, children and teenagers with viral infection (due to Reye's syndrome), can cause tinnitus in salicylate overdose | |
| Nitroglycerin (SL) | Nitrostat | Vasodilator | Acute Coronary Syndrome (ACS), Stable Angina | Headache, Flushing, Syncope, Dizziness | Do not use with PDE-5 inhibitors; Tachyphylaxis (tolerance/↓ effectiveness); Can aggravate angina causes by hypertrophic cardiomyopathy | ||
| Alteplase (Intracatheter, IV) | Intracatheter: Cathflo Activase IV: Activase | Fibrinolytic | Intracatheter: Catheter Clearance IV: ST Segment Elevation Myocardial Infarction (STEMI), Acute Ischemic Stroke, Pulmonary Embolism (PE) | Bleeding | CI in patients with severe uncontrolled hypertension (HTN) | ||
| Amiodarone (PO, IV) | Pacerone, Nexterone | Antiarrhythmic | Atrial Fibrillation (AF) (Rhythm Control), Ventricular Fibrillation, Ventricular Tachycardia | Hypothyroidism, Hyperthyroidism, Pulmonary Toxicity, Hepatotoxicity, Epithelial Keratopathy, Photosensitivity | Intended only for life-threatening arrhythmias; Pulmonary toxicity, hepatotoxicity; Proarrhythmic | Many Drug Interactions | |
| Ezetimibe (PO) | Zetia | Cholesterol Absorption Inhibitor | Dyslipidemia | Myalgias, Diarrhea | |||
| Fenofibrate (PO) | Tricor, Trilipix | Fibric Acid Derivative | Hypertriglyceridemia | Dyspepsia, Myopathy/Rhabdomyolysis, Elevated Hepatic Transaminases | |||
| Gemfibrozil (PO) | Lopid | Fibric Acid Derivative | Hypertriglyceridemia | Dyspepsia, Myopathy/Rhabdomyolysis, Elevated Hepatic Transaminases | |||
| Atorvastatin (PO) | Lipitor | HMG-CoA Reductase Inhibitor | Dyslipidemia, Coronary Artery Disease (CAD), Stroke | Myopathy/Rhabdomyolysis | Avoid excessive grapefruit juice intake, avoid in pregnancy & breastfeeding | ||
| Lovastatin (PO) | Altoprev | HMG-CoA Reductase Inhibitor | Dyslipidemia, Coronary Artery Disease (CAD), Stroke | Myopathy/Rhabdomyolysis | Avoid excessive grapefruit juice intake, avoid in pregnancy & breastfeeding | ||
| Pravastatin (PO) | Pravachol | HMG-CoA Reductase Inhibitor | Dyslipidemia, Coronary Artery Disease (CAD), Stroke | Myopathy/Rhabdomyolysis | Avoid excessive grapefruit juice intake, avoid in pregnancy & breastfeeding | ||
| Rosuvastatin (PO) | Crestor | HMG-CoA Reductase Inhibitor | Dyslipidemia, Coronary Artery Disease (CAD), Stroke | Myopathy/Rhabdomyolysis | Avoid excessive grapefruit juice intake, avoid in pregnancy & breastfeeding | ||
| Simvastatin (PO) | Zocor | HMG-CoA Reductase Inhibitor | Dyslipidemia, Coronary Artery Disease (CAD), Stroke | Myopathy/Rhabdomyolysis | Avoid excessive grapefruit juice intake, avoid in pregnancy & breastfeeding | ||
| Omega-3 Ethyl Esters (PO) | Lovaza | OTC: Various omega-3 formulations RX: Lovaza & Vascepa | Omega-3 Fatty Acids | Hypertriglyceridemia | Dyspepsia, Eructation, Fishy Aftertaste | Can prolong bleeding time when used with other medication that can increase bleeding risk, use caution with fish/shellfish allergy | |
| Icosapent Ethyl (PO) | Vascepa | OTC: Various omega-3 formulations RX: Lovaza & Vascepa | Omega-3 Fatty Acids | Hypertriglyceridemia | Eructation, Arthralgia | Can prolong bleeding time when used with other medication that can increase bleeding risk, use caution with fish/shellfish allergy |
Created by:
nataliemvo
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