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Unit One Study Guide

Genesis, Metamorphoses, and Gilgamesh

QuestionAnswer
Who created Enkidu and why? The goddess Aruru made him from clay to balance Gilgamesh’s power and pride.
How is Enkidu’s creation similar to Adam and Eve’s? Both were formed by divine beings from the earth in an innocent, natural state.
Who tempts Enkidu and what happens afterward? Shamhat tempts him; he gains wisdom and civilization but loses his innocence and connection with animals.
What do Enkidu and Adam and Eve both lose through temptation? Their innocence and harmony with the natural/divine world.
What theme connects both stories? Knowledge and experience bring wisdom but also separation from purity and nature.
How is the world created in Genesis? By one God in an ordered, purposeful sequence.
How is the world created in Metamorphoses? Out of chaos, shaped by an unnamed god or Nature into order.
Which story emphasizes transformation? Metamorphoses.
Which story emphasizes divine control and morality? Genesis.
What idea do both creation stories share? The universe has divine origins and humans have a special place within it.
What happens at the Tower of Babel? Humans try to reach heaven; God confuses their language.
How is Gilgamesh’s journey to the Cedar Forest similar? He defies divine limits out of pride and suffers punishment.
What do the Giants attempt in Metamorphoses? To storm Olympus and overthrow the gods.
What is the shared warning in these stories? Human pride and defiance of the gods lead to destruction.
How are divine limits shown in all three? Through punishment that restores balance between mortals and gods.
What does Lycaon do to anger Zeus? Tries to trick him by serving human flesh.
How is Lycaon punished? Zeus destroys him and turns him into a wolf.
Why does Cain kill Abel? Jealousy—God favored Abel’s offering.
What connects Lycaon and Cain’s stories? Rebellion and moral corruption bring divine punishment.
List the four ages from Metamorphoses and a Genesis parallel. Golden (Eden), Silver (post-Fall), Bronze (pre-Flood violence), Iron (total moral decay).
What do doors and clothes symbolize? Boundaries and transformation—movement between wild and civilized life.
How does Gilgamesh change by the end? He accepts mortality and values wisdom and legacy over eternal life.
What happens when Ishtar is rejected? She sends the Bull of Heaven to punish Gilgamesh.
What is the consequence of killing the Bull of Heaven? The gods punish the heroes by causing Enkidu’s death.
What lesson does Utnapishtim teach Gilgamesh? Immortality belongs to the gods; humans achieve meaning through their deeds.
What theme ties all three works together? Humans must respect divine boundaries—pride and disobedience cause downfall.
What human quality do these ancient stories celebrate and caution against? Curiosity and ambition that seek knowledge but risk overstepping divine order.
Created by: user-1935535
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