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Phys Sci Ch 18
| Term | Definition |
|---|---|
| compound | a substance made of two or more elements that are chemically bonded |
| chemical formula | chemical shorthand that uses symbols to tell what elements are in a compound and their ratios. |
| electron dot diagram | also called a Lewis structure where valence electrons are shown as dots around the chemical symbol |
| energy level | location of electrons around the nucleus, number of energy levels for an atom depends on the period in which it is located |
| chemical bond | force that holds atoms together in a compound. |
| ion | an atom that has a positive or negative charge due to gaining or losing electrons |
| ionic bond | the force of attraction between oppositely charged ions |
| zero net charge rule | the rule that states for ionic bonding the number of positive and negative charges must equal zero when added together. |
| covalent bond | the attractive force between atoms when they share electrons |
| molecule | a neutral particle that is the result of covalent bonding |
| polar molecule | a covalent compound in which the electrons are shared unevenly resulting in half of the molecule being slightly positive and the other side being slightly negative |
| polar bond | a covalent bond in which the electrons are shared unevenly |
| oxidation number | a positive or negative number that indicates how many electrons an atom has gained or lost or shared to become stable. |
| binary compounds | compounds composed of two elements |
| polyatomic ion | a group of bonded atoms with a positive or negative charge. |
| hydrate | a compound that has water chemically attached to its atoms and written into its formula |