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Classic Flaws

TermDefinition
Bad Conditional Reasoning occurs when the author reads the conditionals supplied in the premises incorrectly
Bad Causal Reasoning looking for bad causal reasoning is really just looking for causal reasoning
Whole-to-Part & Part-to-Whole you can never assume from wholes to parts or from parts to wholes
Overgeneralization takes something small & turns it into something big
Survey Problems always assume surveys are done with the greatest possible incompetence
False Starts researchers always assume that the two groups are same in all respects except the ones called out as part of the study (the two groups are always inconveniently different)
Possibility is NOT Certainty comes down to a lack of comfort with ambiguity
Implication opinions & facts do not play well together
False Dichotomy pretends there are only two options when there really could be more
Straw Man "respond" to an opponent by "mishearing" what was said to them
Ad Hominem insult the proponent of a position, but then the conclusion challenges the truth of the position itself
Circular Reasoning assumes the conclusion is true before doing the work of proving it so
Equivocation happens when the author changes the meaning of a word throughout an argument
Appeal Fallacies turning someone's opinion into fact
Irrelevant occurs when the premises are entirely unrelated to the conclusion
Percentage is NOT Numbers a rising percentage doesn't necessarily imply a rising number & vice versa
Created by: jordanneedham
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