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BDK PHO #1-2

Basic Drug Knowledge Pain, Hematology, and Oncology Page #1-2

Generic NameBrand NameClassificationPharmacologic CategoryCommon IndicationsKey Side EffectsUS Boxed WarningsUS Boxed Warnings Cont.Additional Info.
Fentanyl (Transdermal, IV) Transdermal: Duragesic IV: Sublimaze CS-II Opioid Analgesic Pain Dizziness, Drowsiness, Nausea, Vomiting, Constipation, Pruritus, Respiratory Depression (Dose-Related) Risk of opioid addiction, abuse, & misuse which can lead to overdose & death; Serious, life-threatening, or fatal respiratory depression may occur; Accidental ingestion may result in fatal overdose; Prolonged use in pregnancy may result in neonatal opioid withdrawal syndrome; Abrupt discontinuation may result in serious opioid-induced withdrawal syndrome; concomitant use of opioids with benzodiazepines or CNS depressants (including alcohol) may result in profound sedation, respiratory depression, coma, US Boxed Warnings Cont.: & death; Potential for medication erros when converting between dosage forms; Use with CYP3A4 inhibitors (or stopping CYP3A4 inducers) can increase fentanyl concentrations; Avoid exposing transdermal patch to external heat
Hydromorphone (PO, IV) Dilaudid CS-II Opioid Analgesic Pain Dizziness, Drowsiness, Nausea, Vomiting, Constipation, Pruritus, Respiratory Depression (Dose-Related) Risk of opioid addiction, abuse, & misuse which can lead to overdose & death; Serious, life-threatening, or fatal respiratory depression may occur; Accidental ingestion may result in fatal overdose; Prolonged use in pregnancy may result in neonatal opioid withdrawal syndrome; Abrupt discontinuation may result in serious opioid-induced withdrawal syndrome; concomitant use of opioids with benzodiazepines or CNS depressants (including alcohol) may result in profound sedation, respiratory depression, coma, US Boxed Warnings Cont.: & death; Risk of medication errors with high-potency hydromorphone, Use in opioid-tolerant patients only
Morphine (Extended Release) (PO) MS Contin, Kadian CS-II Opioid Analgesic Pain Dizziness, Drowsiness, Nausea, Vomiting, Constipation, Pruritus, Respiratory Depression (Dose-Related) Risk of opioid addiction, abuse, & misuse which can lead to overdose & death; Serious, life-threatening, or fatal respiratory depression may occur; Accidental ingestion may result in fatal overdose; Prolonged use in pregnancy may result in neonatal opioid withdrawal syndrome; Abrupt discontinuation may result in serious opioid-induced withdrawal syndrome; concomitant use of opioids with benzodiazepines or CNS depressants (including alcohol) may result in profound sedation, respiratory depression, coma, US Boxed Warnings Cont.: & death; Coingestion with alcohol may result in potentially fatal overdose of morphine
Morphine (Immediate Release) (PO, IV, IM, PR [Per Rectum]) IV: Duramorph, Infumorph CS-II Opioid Analgesic Pain Dizziness, Drowsiness, Nausea, Vomiting, Constipation, Pruritus, Respiratory Depression (Dose-Related) Risk of opioid addiction, abuse, & misuse which can lead to overdose & death; Serious, life-threatening, or fatal respiratory depression may occur; Accidental ingestion may result in fatal overdose; Prolonged use in pregnancy may result in neonatal opioid withdrawal syndrome; Abrupt discontinuation may result in serious opioid-induced withdrawal syndrome; concomitant use of opioids with benzodiazepines or CNS depressants (including alcohol) may result in profound sedation, respiratory depression, coma,
Oxycodone (PO) OxyContin, Roxicodone CS-II Opioid Analgesic Pain Dizziness, Drowsiness, Nausea, Vomiting, Constipation, Pruritus, Respiratory Depression (Dose-Related) Risk of opioid addiction, abuse, & misuse which can lead to overdose & death; Serious, life-threatening, or fatal respiratory depression may occur; Accidental ingestion may result in fatal overdose; Prolonged use in pregnancy may result in neonatal opioid withdrawal syndrome; Abrupt discontinuation may result in serious opioid-induced withdrawal syndrome; concomitant use of opioids with benzodiazepines or CNS depressants (including alcohol) may result in profound sedation, respiratory depression, coma, US Boxed Warnings Cont.: & death; Use with CYP3A4 inhibitors (or stoppying CYP3A4 inducers) can increase oxycodone concentrations
Methadone (PO, IV) Dolophine CS-II Opioid Analgesic Opioid Use Disorder, Severe Chronic Pain Dizziness, Drowsiness, Nausea, Vomiting, Constipation, Respiratory Depression (Dose-Related), QTc Prolongation Risk of opioid addiction, abuse, & misuse which can lead to overdose & death; Serious, life-threatening, or fatal respiratory depression may occur; Accidental ingestion may result in fatal overdose; Prolonged use in pregnancy may result in neonatal opioid withdrawal syndrome; Abrupt discontinuation may result in serious opioid-induced withdrawal syndrome; concomitant use of opioids with benzodiazepines or CNS depressants (including alcohol) may result in profound sedation, respiratory depression, coma, US Boxed Warnings Cont.: & death; QTc internal prolongation & serious arrhythmia (Torsades de Pointes) have occurred during treatment; Concomitant use with CYP3A4, 2B6, 2C19, or 2D6 (or stopping the same inducers) can increase methodone concentrations
Acetaminophen (PO, PR [Per Rectum], IV) PO/PR: Tylenol IV: Ofirmev PO, PR: OTC Analgesic (Non-Opioid), Antipyretic Pain, Fever Nausea, Vomiting, Increased Hepatic Transaminases Total daily dose from all sources should not exceed maximum daily limit; Hepatotoxicity
Tramadol (PO) Ultram, Ultram ER CS-IV Central Analgesic; Partial Opioid Agonist Pain Dizziness, Drowsiness, Nausea, Vomiting, Constipation, Respiratory Depression (Dose-Related) Risk of opioid addiction, abuse, & misuse which can lead to overdose & death; Serious, life-threatening, or fatal respiratory depression may occur; Accidental ingestion may result in fatal overdose; Prolonged use in pregnancy may result in neonatal opioid withdrawal syndrome; Concomitant use of opioids with benzodiazepines or CNS depressants (including alcohol), may result in profound sedation, respiratory depression, coma, & death; Concomitant use or discontinuation of CYP3A4 inducers, 3A4 inhibitors, or US Boxed Warnings Cont.: 2D6 inhibitors requires careful consideration; respiratory depression & death in children after tonsillectomy or adenoidectomy who are ultra-rapid metabolizers of tramadol Other Notes: Lowers seizure threshold
Hydrocodone & Acetaminophen (PO) Lortab, Vicodin, Norco CS-II Opioid and Non-Opioid Analgesic Combination Pain Dizziness, Drowsiness, Nausea, Vomiting, Constipation, Pruritus, Respiratory Depression (Dose-Related) Risk of opioid addiction, abuse, & misuse which can lead to overdose & death; Serious, life-threatening, or fatal respiratory depression may occur; Accidental ingestion may result in fatal overdose; Prolonged use in pregnancy may result in neonatal opioid withdrawal syndrome; Abrupt discontinuation may result in serious opioid-induced withdrawal syndrome; concomitant use of opioids with benzodiazepines or CNS depressants (including alcohol) may result in profound sedation, respiratory depression, coma, US Boxed Warnings Cont.: & death; Use with CYP3A4 inhibitors (or stopping CYP3A4 inducers) can increase oxycodone concentrations; Hepatotoxicity
Oxycodone & Acetaminophen (PO) Percocet, Endocet CS-II Opioid and Non-Opioid Analgesic Combination Pain Dizziness, Drowsiness, Nausea, Vomiting, Constipation, Pruritus, Respiratory Depression (Dose-Related) Risk of opioid addiction, abuse, & misuse which can lead to overdose & death; Serious, life-threatening, or fatal respiratory depression may occur; Accidental ingestion may result in fatal overdose; Prolonged use in pregnancy may result in neonatal opioid withdrawal syndrome; Abrupt discontinuation may result in serious opioid-induced withdrawal syndrome; concomitant use of opioids with benzodiazepines or CNS depressants (including alcohol) may result in profound sedation, respiratory depression, coma, US Boxed Warnings Cont.: & death; Use with CYP3A4 inhibitors (or stopping CYP3A4 inducers) can increase oxycodone concentrations; Hepatotoxicity
Codeine & Acetaminophen (PO) Tylenol with Codeine #3, Tylenol with Codeine #4 CS-III Opioid and Non-Opioid Analgesic Combination Pain Dizziness, Drowsiness, Nausea, Vomiting, constipation, Pruritus, Respiratory Depression (Dose-Related) Risk of opioid addiction, abuse, & misuse which can lead to overdose & death; Serious, life-threatening, or fatal respiratory depression may occur; Accidental ingestion may result in fatal overdose; Prolonged use in pregnancy may result in neonatal opioid withdrawal syndrome; Abrupt discontinuation may result in serious opioid-induced withdrawal syndrome; concomitant use of opioids with benzodiazepines or CNS depressants (including alcohol) may result in profound sedation, respiratory depression, coma, & death; Concomitant use or discontinuation of CYP3A4 inducers, 3A4 or 2D6 inhibitors requires careful consideration; Respiratory depression & death in children after tonsillectomy or adenoidectomy who are ultra-rapid metabolizers of codeine: Hepatotoxicity
Naloxone (IV, IM, SQ, Intranasal) Narcan Nasal Spray, Zimhi Narcan Nasal Spray: OTC Opioid Antagonist Opioid Overdose Opioid Withdrawal Syndrome in Opioid-Dependent Populations, Pain
Buprenorphine & Naloxone (SL) Suboxone CS-III Partial Opioid Agonist and Opioid Antagonist Opioid Use Disorder Opioid Withdrawal Syndrome in Opioid-Dependent Populations, Constipation, Headache, Diaphoresis Other Notes: Potentially life-threatening respiratory depression (when combined with other CNS or respiratory depressants); Other Notes Cont.: Addition of naloxone to buprenorphine reduces the possibility of parenteral misuse by producing opioid withdrawal symptoms when injected
Ferrous Sulfate (PO) FeroSul, SlowFe OTC Iron Supplement Iron Deficiency Anemia Nausea, Stomach Upset, Constipation (Dose-Related, Dark & Tarry Stools Accidental overdose of iron is leading cause of fatal poisoning in children under 6 years old
Cyanocobalamin (Vitamin B12) (PO, IM, SL, Intranasal) --- PO, SL: OTC Water-Soluble Vitamin Vitamin B12 Deficiency (Manifests as Macrocytic Anemia) No Major Side Effects
Folic Acid (PO) --- OTC Water-Soluble Vitamin Folic Acid Deficiency (Manifests as Macrocytic Anemia), Prevention of Neural Tube Defects in Pregnancy No Major Side Effects
Created by: nataliemvo
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