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Cell Membrane & Cell Transport Vocabulary

TermDefinition
Homeostasis An organism's ability to maintain internal conditions as both internal and external environments change
Cell Membrane Selectively permeable, controls what enters and leaves the cell. Offers support, protection, and acts as a barrier separate the inside of the cell and the surrounding environment
Phospholipids Main component of the cell membrane. Has a phosphate group "head" (polar) and a fatty acid "tail" (nonpolar)
Selective permeability Characteristic in which some substances can move through a barrier while other substances can not
Membrane Proteins Group of proteins embedded within the lipid bilayer. Serve a variety of functions
Concentration The amount of a substance that is present
Concentration gradient When the amount of a substance is unequal, creating an area of high concentration and an area of low concentration
Equilibrium When the amount of a substance is equal across a space created
Passive Transport When substances move with/down the concentration gradient from an area of high concentration to an area of low concentration. Does not require energy.
Active Transport When substances move against the concentration gradient from an area of low concentration to and area of high concentration. Requires energy (supplied by ATP)
(Simple) Diffusion Type of passive transport in which substances move through the cell membrane. Molecules are usually small and nonpolar
Facilitated diffusion Type of passive transport that uses a membrane protein to move substances into or out of the cell
Osmosis Type of passive transport, type of facilitated diffusion that move water into and out of the cell
Protein Pumps Type of membrane protein used during active transport to move substances against the concentration gradient
Created by: H. Madsen
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