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Nature of Science

TermDefinition
science the knowledge obtained by observing natural events and conditions in order to discover facts and formulate laws or principles that can be verified or tested
empirical evidence the observations, measurements, and other types of data that people gather and test to support and evaluate scientific explanations
theory the explanation for some phenomenon that is based on observation, experimentation and reasoning, and is supported by a large quantity of evidence. EXPLAINS WHY SOMETHING HAPPENS.
law a descriptive statement or equation that reliably predicts events under certain conditions. DESCRIBES WHAT HAPPENS.
experiment an organized procedure to study something under controlled conditions
observation the process of obtaining information by using the senses; the information obtained by using the senses
hypothesis a testable idea or explanation that leads to scientific investigation
variable any factor that can be changed in an experiment, observation, or model
independent variable the variable that is deliberately manipulated
dependent variable the variable/factor that changes as a result of the manipulation of one or more independent variables
constant a factor that is intentionally kept the same throughout the experiment
data information gathered by observation or experimentation that can be used in calculating or reasoning
repetition the act of repeating an experiment or observation multiple times to confirm results
replication conducting a new study with similar methods to see if the same results are obtained, thus confirming the reliability and validity of the initial research
model a pattern, plan, representation, or description designed to show the structure or workings of an object, system, or concept
technology the application of science for practical purposes; the use of tools, machines, materials, and processes to meet human needs
engineering the application of science and mathematics to solve real-life problems
prototype a test model of a product
bar graph graph that uses rectangular bars of varying lengths to show and compare discrete categories or values
circle graph graph that shows data as parts of a whole (often in percentages)
line graph graph that represents data by connecting individual data points with straight lines, showing trends and changes over time
hypothesis a testable idea or explanation that leads to scientific investigation
Created by: Ms. Wilhjelm
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